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NOTES

QUERIES:

Medium of Interiommunication

FOR

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“When found, make a note of.’*—Captain Currie,

No. 188.

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LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 3, 1889.

CONTENTS,—N?® 188.

NOTES :—Eliana, SI—A Sonnet Sequence, 82— Books on
Gaming, 83—Copernicus and Regiomontanus, S4—Adver-
tising in Omnibuses—Words not Wanted—Kosher— Word-

— Washing the baby's head,” 85—** Medicus” in
* Chaucer '—Hallam’s Language —Sir Geo.
Baker, 86.

QUERIES :—Date of Bellamy’s Birth—Scots—“ March of

"—Goit — Reed-stake — Herd Vocabulary of
the Bible—Osmunda—Greezed, 87—Arms of Nottingham —
Graves of Celebrities—Four-centred Arch—Mary Russell—
Metrical History —-Huyssen—Shackleton—‘ One Tract More’
—Mrs. Cibber, 88—Heraldic—Counts of Toulouse—Cole-
ridge—Descendants of Shakspeare— Authors Wanted, 89.

REPLIES :—Wordsworth's ‘ Intimations of Immortality,’ 89—

Parish Registers—Knees turned Backwards—J. G. Nightin-
—Casa de Pilatos—Tears on Tombstones, 91—Game of
Goose—Wm. Salmon. M.D.—Sir F. Leigh—English and

Italian Pronunciation—Padus, 92—Mistarchy—Latin Lines

—Old London Bridge—Celtic Church, 93—Joseph Allen, 94

—Ajax captured by the French—Heraldic—Wishing Bone

—“A mort,” 95—Gloves of Charles I.—John Cholmley—

Benedict — St. Paul's Deanery, 96— Bentham Vicarage—

Whorwood Family—Archbishop of Canterbury’s Dispensa-

tion—‘The Fireman’—Black Men as Heralds—Berks and

Oxon—Translation Wanted — Alice Perrers, $7—‘‘ Pakeha

Maori ”—‘ Gulliver's Travels '—Cradle of the Tide, 98.

NOTES ON BOOKS :—Ross’s ‘ Three Generations of English-
women ’—‘ Northern Notes and Queries '—Frank’s ‘ Rye-
dale’—‘ Shakespeare and Bacon Wigston’s ‘ Bacon, Shake-
speare, and the Rosicrucians.’

Notices to Correspondents.

Rates.

ELIANA.

I have lately come into possession of a singular
playbill, which seems, for several reasons, to merit
preservation in the pages of ‘N. & Q.’ (I assume
that it has not previously been noticed, although it
is, of course, possible that I may have been antici-
pated.) It is certainly of great rarity, if not unique,
and the vein of humour which runs through it, and
the singularity of the performance which it chro-
nicles, render it uncommonly interesting. It will
bewell, perhaps, to give it in extenso before making
any remarks upon it :—

Theatre Royal, English Opera House, Strand.
Particularly Private.
This present Frrpar, April 26, 1822,
Will be porated a Farce called
(W.B. This piece was damned at Drury Lane Theatre.)
Mr. , Captain Hill,
Landlord, Mr. Gyles,
Belvil, Mr. C, Byrne.
Melesinda, Mrs. Edwin,
Betty, Mra, Bryan.
Previous to will be spoken by
rs, Epwin.
After the Farce (for the first Time in this country, and
now performing with immense success in Paris)
a French Petite Comedie, called
_ Le Comedien D’Etampes.
(V.B, This piece was never acted in London, and may
very probably be damned HERE.)
... . Dorival (le Comedien), M. Perlet.
(Positively for this night only, as he is engaged to play
the same Part at Paris To-morrow evening.)

M. Macbou de Beaubuison, Mr. J. D’
Dupré, M. Geubilei.
Baptiste, Mr. W. Peake.
M. Corbin, Mr, O. Byrne.
Madeline, Madame Spittalier.
Immediately after which
A Lover's Coyrsssion, in the shape of a Sona,
by M.

(From the Theatre de la Porte St. Martin, at Paris

To conclude with a Pathetic Drama, in One Act,
The Sorrows of Werther.
(N.B. This Piece was damned at Covent Garden
Theatre.)
Schmidt (hee Friend),
idt (his Friend), Mr. J. D’
Albert, Mr. Gyles. —

Fritz ( Werther’s Servant), Mr. R, B. Peake.
Snaps (Albert's Servant), Mr. W. Peake.
Charlotte, Mrs. Mathews.

Brothers and Sisters of Charlotte, by six Cherubims got
for the occasion.

Orchestra.

Leader of the Band, Mr. Knight. Conductor, Mr. E,
Knight. Piano Forte, Mr. Knight, Jun. H —
Master Knight (that was). Clavecin, by the Father 0
the Knights, to come.

Vivat Rex! No Money returned (because none will

be taken).
&@ On account of the above surprising Novelty, not an
ORDER can possibly be admitted :—
But it is requested, that if such a thing finds its way into
the front of the house, IT WILL BE KEPT.
Doors open at Half past Six, begin at Half past Seven
precisely.
The Entrance for all parts of the House at the
Private Box Door in Exeter Street,
Lowndes, Printer, Marquis Court, Drury Lane, London.

Of course nothing is better known than that
Charles Lamb’s farce ‘ Mr. H ’ was damned
on its production at Drury Lane, but I do not
think the fact of its having been afterwards acted,
even though for one night only, has hitherto been
noticed by any of Lamb’s editors or biographers.
As Lamb must have been interested in the per-
formance, the question suggests itself whether he
may not have drawn up the playbill. Of course
in such a matter we cannot attain certainty, and it
may be that I am mistaken, but I cannot help
thinking that Lamb’s peculiar vein of humour is
to be detected in it. The manner of stating (as
if by way of recommendation) that the first and
last pieces had been damned, and that the other
would very probably meet with the same fate ; the
enumeration of the members of the orchestra, and
other little touches seem plainly to betray the hand
of Elia. Further confirmation of my supposition
may, I think, be derived from the fact that on the
night of performance the following printed apology
(a copy of which accompanies the bill) was circu-
lated in the theatre :—

“The Ladies and Gentlemen who have honoured the
Theatre with a Visit, are most respectfully informed
that Mrs. Epwin has been very suddenly and seriously
indisposed. In this emergency Mrs. J. WrEIPrPaRtT
(formerly Miss J. Stevenson), of this Theatre, has
kindly undertaken the part of Melesinda in the Farce

called Mr, H The prologue, intended to have been

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82 NOTES AND QUERIES.

8. VIIL. Ava. 3, "99,

recited by Mrs. Epwts, will be read by Mr. H...... him-
self—who solicits the customary indulgence.

“ As a conclusion to this complicated Apology, it is

with sorrow announced that M. Perter, M.
and Mr. C. J. Mathews, have had the misfortune of
falling from their horse and sprained their right ancle—
but it is anxiously hoped—that as the actors intend to
put their best leg forward, the performance will not be
considered a lame one.”
Here, again, the humour of the second paragraph
(which is probably a sarcastic hit upon some
ungrammatical announcement put forward by
the Drury Lane or Covent Guolen management)
seems to be in Lamb's style. The pun it con-
tains is one we can well fancy his giving utter-
ance to, and adding point to it by his habitual
hesitation of speech.

More might be written about this bill and about
the famous actors who took part in the performance,
but the Editor will probably think that I have
already occupied as much space as he can afford to
give me. Bertram Dose.

{If such hitherto unchronicled representation ever took
place, the fact is of much interest. Even if the whole
prove to be a jeu d'esprit, it deserves a place in Eliana. |

A SONNET SEQUENCE OF 1627-8.

In a copy of ‘Heures En Francoys & Latin 4
Yusage de Rome’ (Lyon, chez Guillaume Rouille,
1558), written in a handwriting of the seventeenth
century, and placed at the beginning of the book,
is

“ An admonition for the morninge,
“When thou arisest lett thie thoughts assend; that
grace may discend; and if thou canst not weepe for
thie sinnes ; weepe because thou canst not weepe ";

and so on, for a page and a half. The next thirty-
two pages are filled with sixty-four sonnets, num-
bered and dated “ Anno dom’ 1627 ” at the com-
mencement, and “ Finis. Anno dom’ 1628” at the
end. I proceed to give the first in full, and the
first line or lines of some of the others, in the
hope that, if they are already known, they may be
L*

The night, the starlesse night of passion

From heaven begann on heaven beneath to fall

When Christ did sound the onsett martiall

A sacred hymne uppon his foes to runn

That w*> the fierie Contemplac’on

Of loue and Joy his soule and senses all

Surchardged might not dread the bitter thrall

Of paine and greife and torments all in one.

Then since my holie vowes haue undertooke

To take the portrait of Christs death in mee,

Then lett my loue w* sonnetts fill this booke.

Wth rm to giue the onsett as did hee :

That thoughts enflamed w'> such heauenlie muse

The Coldest Ice of feare may not refuse.

2.
What meaneth this, that Christ an hymne did singe,
An hymne triumphantt for an happie fight

* The punctuation, where attempted, is not
original.

t of the

As if his enemies weare putt to flight

When yett hee was not come w"*in the ringe ?

Soe gyannt-like did this victorious kinge

Exult to runn the race he had in sight

That he anticipated w*® delight

The p*sent paines should such glories bringe.
3.

Over the brooke of Cedron Christ is gone.
4

What blessed ferriman will undertake
Over this brooke to ferrie my desires.

6.
Upp to mount Olivett, my soule, assend.
7.
What should there bee in Christ to giue offence,
8.
Alas o* sheappeard now is strocke againe.
See how the sillie flocke away doth hye,
Doe hye away, themselues to saue thereby,
As if they might bee safe, when hee is slaine.
9,
When all forsake, whose courage darr abide
Seeing the strength of each p’ticular
Consisteth in the strength of all.

11.
His death begins wthin a farme, within
The farme of Jurie.

My sinnes in multitude to Christ are gone
Against my soule inditemt for to make
That they his lingringe vengeance may awake
Uppon my just desarts.
13.
My soule w'»in the bedd of heauen doth growe.
15.
My soule a world is by Contracc’on.
21.
Sinke downe, my soule, into the lowest Cell,
Jesus is risen from the Infernall mgre.
23.
O sweete and bitter monuments of paine.

24.
When to the Closett of thie prayers devyne
And sacreed muse sweete clusten I retire,

Behold a Cluster to it ow vyne.

Ah mee that thornes . head should wound.
Like as the winged opistis alwaies stand.

Holie, holie, holie,

Two yett butt one ata other ir,

One yett in two w‘h eather other bee.

Fhe unbounded of
Humanitie the feild of mri

; and downe was cent
Jesu the handle of the worldes great ball

By w™ the finger of omnipotence
Tooke hold of us,

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VIIL, Ava. 3, 89.

NOTES AND QUERIES.

57.
By what glasse of resemblance may wee see.
60.
W* heate and Cold I feele the sprightfull feinde.

63.
High towringe Eagle rightlie may [... ] feast.

I shall be glad of any information which will
throw light on these sonnets. The book has,
since they were written, been in other hands ;
for there are two lines—the commencement of a

yer to Our Blessed Lady—on a leaf at the end
in Dutch; then it passed into the collection of
Thomas Baker, and was bequeathed by him, at his
death in 1740, to the library of St. John’s College,
Cambridge, where it is now. ©. §.

BOOKS ON GAMING.
(Continued from p. 43.)

A comparison of the second with the first edition
is interesting. In the first there is—

1. No “To the Reader,” and

2. No “Advertisement” on the back of the
title, which is therefore blank.

3. The “ Contents” (A 2) has the same block at
top in the second as in the first edition, and the same
type and setting, as has also the verso of this leaf;
but A 3 is differently set, being crowded to admit
fresh matter, under ‘‘Chap. viii.,” after ‘‘ forcing
your partner.” Here the words “To explain the
word Force,” &c., down to the end of “ A Case to
demonstrate the Advantage by a See-Saw” (ending
“Tramp two different Suits”), are all added in
the second edition. At the end of the “ Contents”
the block is different (flowers and scrolls) from that
which appeared in the first edition (Fame with a
trumpet).

4. “A Short Treatise,” &c. (B 1 in first, A 5 in
second edition). Here the block at the top is
different again, but the type is the same, though
differently set. The matter is the same down to
p. 4, where “ An Explanation...... this Treatise” is
all added in the second edition.

5. “Some Computations” begin on p. 4 (first
edition), and are all the same in the second until
we come to p. 7 (in first, p. 10 in second), where,
under “ With the Deal,” the odds are given,

8to7isabove 3 to2
9 Tisabout1l2 7,
whereas in the second edition they are given—
8 7 is above 12 to 7.
9 Tisaboutl2 8.
Hoyle had here reconsidered his calculation.

6. The laws are only fourteen in number in the
— but in the second edition they are twenty-

ve,

Law 1 says :—

“If any Person plays out of his Turn, it is in the
Option of the adverse Parties either to call the Card
then played at any time in that Deal (in Case he does

not make him revoke) or the Person who is to lead may
demand his Partner to name the Suit which he would
have him play from.”

This, however, becomes in the second edition :—

“Tf any Person [wt sup. ]...... Party to call...... revoke)
or to call the Suit which he would have him play from ;
which done, it shall then be in the Option of the Person
called upon, either to name the Suit he chooses to
have led, or to desire his Partner to lead as he pleases ;
but in Case he names a Suit his Partner must play it,”

Law 2 (claiming a revoke). The first edition
says, “till the Trick is turned”; but the second
edition says, “turned and quitted,”—which is a
very important alteration.

Law 3 (penalty for revoking). First edition says,
the player may “take down 3 Points from the
[adversaries] Scores, or add 3 Points to his own
Score, or take 3 of his Adversary’s Tricks.” This
is right. Hoyle laid it down so first in 1742, and
the penalty remains the same even now; but the
second edition omits the first and third penalties
altogether, retaining only the second, with the
addition that “‘the revoking Party, provided they
are up, notwithstanding the Penalty, must remain
at 9.” And the first and third penalties are omitted
in every edition of Hoyle down to the twelfth, in
which the laws of 1760 were first published, when
those penalties reappeared, as they have done ever
since that date to this day.

Law 4 (not a law, but an example ; first edi-
tion): —

“A and B are 9 Love, the next Deal they win 13
Tricks with 4 Honours, A revokes; Query, what is the
Penalty? A and B are toscore 10 Points, and the Ad-
versaries are to take down 3 Points from the Score, and
A and B to remain 7 only.”

Here the penalty is clearly stated erroneously.
Accordingly this disappears in the second edition,
and never reappears.

Law 5 (first edition; calling honours at any
point [score] except 8). “The adverse Party may
call a new Deal”; but the second edition says
(law 4), ‘“‘ Either of the adverse Parties may call a
new Deal ; and they are at liberty to consult each
other whether they will have a new Deal.”

Law 6 (first edition) is same as law 5 (wrongly
numbered 6, second edition): “ After the Trump-
card is seen, no Body ought to remind his Partner
to call.”

Law 7 (first edition). “If the Trump-card is
seen, no Honours in the preceeding Deal can be
set up, unless they were claimed.” This, in law 6
(second edition), reads, “unless they were before
claimed.”

Law 8 (first edition). “ If any Person separates a Card
from the rest, either of the adverse Parties may Call it,
provided he names it, and proves the Separation.”

This is the same as law 7 (second edition).

Law 9 (first edition). ‘Each Person ought to lay his
Card before him; after he has done so, if either of the
adverse Parties mix their Card with his, his Partner is

2 3
.
e?
inge.
nce, |
e
ound.
i

84 NOTES AND QUERIES.

[7 8, VIII. Ave, 3,

intitled to demand each Person to lay his Card before
him.”

This is the same in law 8 (second edition), but
with this addition :—

“ But not to enquire who played any particular Card;
and in Case he calls a wrong Card, either of the adverse
Parties may once call the highest or lowest Card in any
Suit led during that Deal,”

All of this addition, except the first nine words,
was omitted in all editions after the next ensuing
(third).

Law 10 (first edition), “No person ought to demand
what is the Trump-card after he has played, because it
puts it in the power of his Partner (if he thinks fit) to
name the wrong Card.”

This does not appear in the second edition, but re-
appears amplified in later editions.

Law 11 (first edition), “If any person revokes, and be-

fore the Cards are turned, discovers it, the adverse Party
may call either the highest or lowest of the Suit led,”’

To this is added by law 9 (second edition) :—
“or have their Option, to call the Card then played
at any other time, when it does not cause a revoke ”;

as is still the law.

Law 12 (first edition). “ If a Card in dealing is turn’d
up, it is in the Option of the adverse Party to call a new
» unless they have been the Cause of turning up such

Law 10 (second edition) says :—

© Lesed unless they, or either of them have been the
Cause of turning up such Card, in which case the Dealer
has the Option ”’;

the last eight words being new.

Law 13 (first edition). “If the Ace, or any other Card
of any Suit is led, and that it should so happen that the
last Player plays out of his Turn, whether his Partner
has any of the Suit led or not (provided you do not make
him revoke) he is neither intitled to trump it, nor to win
that Trick.”

This is the same as law 11 (second edition).

Law 14 (first edition). “If a Card is faced in the
Pack, they must Deal again, except it is the last Card.”

This is the same as law 12 (second edition).
a now come to the new laws added to those of

Law 13. “ None of the Players are to take up, or look
at their Cards, while any Person is Dealing, and if the
Dealer should happen to miss Deal, in that case he shall

again, and if a Card is turned up in Dealing, no new
Deal is to be call’d.”
Law 14, “ When a Card is led, if one of the Adversaries
lays out of his turn, his Partner is not to win the Trick,
if he can avoid it without revoking.”

Law 15. “ Every Person ought to see that he has 13
Cards dealt him ; therefore if any one should happen to
have only 12 Cards, and does not find it out till several
Tricks are played, and that the rest of the Players have
their right Number, the Deal stands good; ond also the
Person who plays with 12 Cards, is to be punished for
each Revoke in Case he has made any, but if any of the
rest of the Players should happen to have 14 Cards, in
that Case the Deal is void.”

Law 16. “If any Person throws his Cards upon the
Table, with their Faces upwards upon Supposition that

he has lost the Game, if his Partner does not give up the
Game, the Adversaries have it in their power to any
of those Cards, when they think proper, provided they do
not make the Party revoke.”

Law 17. “A and B are Partners against C and D. 4
leads a Club, his Partner B plays before the Adversary
C; in this case D has a right to play before his Partner
C, because B played out of his turn.”

Law 18, “ If any Person is sure of winning every Trick
in his Hand, he may shew his Cards upon the Table, but
shou’d it so happen that he has any loosing Card in hig
Hand, he is then lyable to have all his Cards called,”

Law 19. “ No Person ought to ask his Partner whether
he had played an Honour, while the Cards are playing,”

Law 20. “ A and B are partners against C and D, A
leads a Club, C plays a Spade, B plays the King of Clubs,
and D plays a Club, C discovers he has revoked before
the Trick is turn’d. Query, what is the Penalty? B
may take up his Card again, and so may D, and either A
or B have it in their omy to oblige C to play the
highest or lowest Card of the Suit led.”

Law 21. “ If any body calle at the Point of 8, without
having two Honours, the adverse Party may consult with
one another about it, and are at Liberty to stand the Deal
or not,”

Law 22. “ And if any body answers, when he has not
an Honour, he is to incur the like Penalty.”

Law 23. “If any body calls at any Point of Game,
except at 8, the adverse Parties may consult with one
another, whether they shall stand the Deal or not.”
This is a mere repetition of law 4.

Law 24, “If any Person calls at the Point of 8, and
his Partner answers, and both the opposite Parties have
thrown up their Cards, and it appears that the other
side had not 2 by Honours, in this Case, they may consult
with one another about it, and are at Liberty to stand
the Deal or not,”

Law 25. “No Person may take new Cards in the
middle of a Game without the Consent of all Parties,”

JULIAN MaRsHALL,
(To be continued.)

Copernicus Reciomontanvs. — In the
account of Copernicus contained in the ninth
edition of the ‘ Encyclopedia Britannica’ (vol. ix.
p. 346) we read that “in 1500 he was at
Rome, enjoying the friendship of the astro
nomer Regiomontanus.” In the eighth edi-
tion it was, indeed, stated that Coper-
nicus went to Rome for the express purpose of
visiting Regiomontanus, who “kindly received
him there.” It is odd that the writer of the bio-
graphy in the ninth edition did not, instead of
modifying this statement in the eighth, “‘ reform it
altogether,” which could only be effected by erasing
it. Regiomontanus (whose real name was Miiller)
died at Rome in 1476, whilst Copernicus, then only
three years of age, was still at Thorn. The revival
of astronomy in Europe may be said to date from
1472, when Miiller obtained the friendship and
assistance of Bernhard Walther, a wealthy citizen
of Nuremberg, who established there at his in-
stance an observatory, where they together made
astronomical observations during the three follow-
ing years. In 1475, however, Miiller was sum-

t
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8, VIII, Ave. 3,

NOTES AND QUERIES. 85

moned to Rome by Pope Sixtus IV. (who conferred

the astronomer the titular dignity of Bishop
7 Ratisbon) to assist him in the long-projected re-
formation of the calendar, which was not executed
util more than a century afterwards by Gregory
Xl. Bat, unfortunately, Miiller died at Rome
the year after—on July 6, 1476—either of the
plague or (as was suspected) of poison. Walther
qaried on the observations they had commenced
in concert at Nuremberg until his own death in
1504, the year after Copernicus returned from
Italy and took up his abode at Frauenburg, in
East Prussia, where he died in 1543, three years
before the birth of Tycho Brahé.

It may be mentioned that Alexander Ziegler
published at Dresden in 1874 a small work giving
an account of all that is known of Regiomontanus,
whom he calls “ein geistiger Vorliufer des Colum-
bas.” I venture to think the last word should be
“Copernicus.” W. T. Lynn.

Blackheath.

ApverTisinc IN Omnipuses.—Some of your
readers would perhaps be ready to hold up to
execration the name of the man who first proposed
to use omnibuses for advertising purposes, and
would only admit him to ‘N. & Q.’ on the same
terms as notorious criminals or persons who have
outraged every feeling of humanity. Trusting to
your judicial sense of what is due to the memory
of the founder of a large branch of business, I
should like to record that the inventor of advertis-
ing in omnibuses was Mr. Frederick Marriott, of
335, Strand, who in the year 1846 registered as an
article of utility, a “ publicity omnibus.” Douglas
Jerrold happily referred to the proposal as one by
which the “advertising vans,” which were then ex-
tremely popular, would be turned outside in. See
farther Mechanics’ Magazine, xlv. (1846), 631.

R. B.

Worps raat are wot Wantep.—Will you
me to mention a few of these which I have
lately observed, with a view of anticipating some
other observer who may bring them to your notice
in 8 different spirit and with the publicity of head-
ing 4 paragraph? “ Bonafiding,” the habit of walk-
ing or driving three miles on Sunday to qualify for
ment (Observer, June 16); “‘ speechfully ”
happy (Saturday Review, June 22); doing their
wanding ” (ibid.); an “ Orangeable” editor
(Mr. _OBrien’s evidence, Parnell Commission) ;
nationhood” (speech of Mr, Parnell). Mr.
Gladstone, in the current Nineteenth Czntury,
mentions “regrettable” as a word coined, he chinks,
atthe Foreign Office. But, if not sv justifiable a
word as “eatable,” it is a less regrettable word than
teliable,” a word which some rare examples in
fe examples in current
ure, have e part of the language. On the
other hand, Mr. Gladstone and the Illustrated

London News seem the only quoted sponsors for
‘* residential” in the house-agent’s sense of that
which may be inhabited. It is better in this sense
than “ resideable.” An instance of a “maid”
using herself in an advertisement as a verb has
lately been bronght to your notice. I do not
think this use likely to conduce to her finding a
situation, notwithstanding that “ valet ” is given in
the ‘Imperial Dictionary’ as a verb, with the
authority of “‘ Hughes,” and has been in colloquial
use (among jobbing valets) for some years. Milton
once has “lackey” as a verb active, but in a
passage of such intentional extravagance as cannot
have been intended to form a precedent for general
usage. What I would urge is that, while poets, and
penny-a-liners, and “maids” who want places are
equally justified in coining for their temporary
needs, they need not have the desire imputed to
them of adding their tokens to the current coin
of the realm. Still less should we be in haste to
accept them. KILLIGREW.

Kosner.—A Liverpool newspaper a short time
ago reported that a woman, who keeps a small shop
in this city, was summoned for “supplying a pint
bottle of ram to a customer,” she not having a
licence. For the defence it was stated that
**the defendant kept a ‘kosher’ shop in a neighbour-
hood in which there were large numbers of the poorer
class of foreign Jews. Just before the Passover, in
accordance with the old Levitical rites, the Jews had to
buy all their things they required for the Passover from
a ‘kosher,’ all their meat and other things being in-
spected by a ‘schokat ’—an official who had to see that
the Jewish rites were observed in the killing of meat, &c.
The rum found by the police was ‘ kosher ’ rum, specially
prepared and authorized by the chief Rabbi, and bearing
his name onthe label. The defendant...... had bought the
rum simply as an agent for her customers and without
making any profit on the transaction...... The Bench
dismissed the case.”

J. F. Mansereu.

Liverpool,

Worp-paintine.—The following bit from Mr.
W. Clark Russell’s new story in the English Illus-
trated Magazine is too good to be lost :—

“T beheld it [the sea] in the scarlet sunset when the
mountainous ocean billow ran blood-red to the incan-
descent limb of the sinking luminary, in the melancholy
gray of dawn brightening into an incomparable loveliness
of pearl and silver and azure, in the leap of the flying
ball of greenish golden moon from one speeding wing of
vapour to another, with « anon of dark and liquid
blue between, out of which would fall the flashful javelins
of the planet, making molten ivory of the melting crests
of the surge, and streaming a fan-shaped throbbing
wake of star-coloured splendour from the remotest rim
of the deep to the white sides of the Lady Charlotte, in
which there would be kindled for a breath a hundred
constellations,” —Eng. Jilus. Mag., No, 68, p. 558.

C. B.

“ WasnInc THE BaBy’s HEAD.”—In a village
street I met Farmer A., who was on his way from

86 NOTES AND QUERIES.

(7 VIII. Ave. 3,

the house of Farmer B., where, said he, ‘‘ we
have been washing the baby’s head.” Farmer P.
had just hada son born to him, the first boy in
succession to four girls; and the “washing” re-
ferred to consisted in the two farmers drinking the
baby’s health. The phrase was new to me.
Curupert Bepe.

[It is familiar in the West Riding. }

“Mepicus” Enotiso.—The English lan-

age has no name at once accurate and compre-
Ceoaive for one who practises the healing art in its
two branches, surgery and medical prescription or
direction. We possess four words, physician,
surgeon, apothecary, doctor,

1. Physician.—Properly a student of physics, a
naturalist. But as physic has been assigned as
term for medical druggery, physician, following the
fortunes of physic, has been taken for a prescriber
of drugs, whence, by an utterly absurd restriction,
it has been again confined to one who has taken
the degree of M.D., and practises only the pre-
scription of drugs, being precluded by professional
etiquette from practice of surgery. The word is
every way inadequate. “ Honour a ‘healer,’” says
the son of Sirach, “for of the most High cometh
healing” medicum—medela). But
how entirely we miss the fine force which comes
throvgh coincidence of terms when we read,
* Honour a physician.”

2. Surgeon.— A remedial operator. A good
word so far as it goes. But, seeing that, with a very
few exceptions, every surgeon is also a physician
in the less restricted sense, we scarcely use the
word in common speech, unless we think of him as
having to perform an operation.

3. Apothecary.—Properly one who keeps an
apotheca, bottéca, boutique, (druggist’s) shop. The
word has had a life of its own, with a more ex-
tended significance. The apothecary has a legal
status as practiser of medicine by examination and
licence of the Apothecaries’ Company (‘ N. E. D.’),
and I can recall among my own early memories
the fact of an old man bidding to send for the
“ potticary” where we should now send for the
“family doctor.” But the use of the word has
certainly died out of common speech.

4. Doctor.—A comprehensive term, but utterly
inaccurate; for, as all men know, there are plenty
of doctors who are not medici, and there are plenty
of medici (in fact, much the greater number) who
are not doctors, being unable or unwilling to cur-
tail their practice by taking a doctor’s degree.

We employ also the terrible circumlocution
“general practitioner.” I believe that our nearest
approach to an accepted term is the shambling
“ medical man.” C. B. Mount.

Moxon’s ‘Cuavcer,’ 1843.—It is strange that

Chaucer should ever have been deceived by the
dishonest title-page of this volume : “The Poetical
Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, with an Essay on hig
Language and Versification, and an Introductory
Discourse ; together with Notes and a Glossary,
By Thomas Tyrwhitt.” But many persons haye
been so deceived ; and even so high an authority
in literary matters as the Saturday Review has not
escaped, for in a recent number (June 8, 1889) the
reviewer of Prof. Skeat’s edition of Chaucer's
‘Minor Poems’ alludes to this “Tyrwhitt’s edi-
tion” in a manner which implies a belief that Tyr.
whitt not only printed, but wrote notes on the
whole of Chaucer’s poetical works. He tells us
that Tyrwhitt only “edited” the ‘Canterbury
Tales,’ “but merely reprinted the minor poems,
although he has notes on them”; whereas the
plain truth is that, with the exception of an oc.
casional reference (and there are not above a dozen
at the utmost) in the notes on the ‘Canterbury
Tales,’ Tyrwhitt never reprinted a line of any other
of Chaucer’s poems; and as for the “notes on
them,” the reviewer's error is still more unaccount-
able, for they most certainly never had any existence,
either in Moxon’s edition or in any other.

Lanevacse.—I send you a few in-
stances of the use of words by Henry Hallam in
senses and modes of construction which appear to
me unusual, and which, looking to the authority
which his name carries, seem to be worth noting,
The edition of his works referred to is that mn
fcap. 8vo. of Murray, without date, proh pudor/—

“The precise clergy "=the stricter clergy, precisians
in a word.—‘ Cons. Hist.,’ vol. i. p. 97.

“Several of the Council had more tender regards to
sincere men.”’—‘ Cons, Hist.,’ vol. i. p. 208.

“Two men called Anabaptists, Thacker and Copping,
were hanged at the same place on the same statute for
denying the Queen's ecclesiastical supremacy, the proof
of which was their dispersion of Brown's tracts.” —'‘ Cons,
Hist.,’ vol. i. p. 215, note. .

“Though no manner of person or cause be unsubject
to the King’s power.” —‘ Cons. Hist.,’ vol. i. p. 223.

IUlegible to me.”"—‘ Cons. Hist.,’ vol. i, p. 236.
Surely should be “ illegible by me”!

It will be seen that all these quotations have
been culled from the “ of a very few pages.

. TROLLOPE.
Budleigh Salterton.

Sim Georce Baker, Kyt.—The annexed ac-
count of Sir George Baker appears on the fly-leaf
of a copy of Le Neve’s ‘Monumenta Anglicans,
1718, vol. iii, in the Guildhall Library, Lon-
don :—

“ Pag 123. S* Geo: Baker, When the Earle (or Marq.
of Newcastle) was at Newcastle circa an: 1644, 8" George
Baker made an Oration to him in y* name of the Body,
and was then knighted by him, by Commission from the
King. S* John Marley, Maior, was, I think, knighted
at the same time, w I mention, because they are not,

any one pretending to know anything about

as fi
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78, VIII, Avo, 3, °89.)

NOTES AND QUERIES.

as far as I can hear, entred in the Heralds’ Office and
yet it appears from Rushworth’s ‘Collect’ vol 5. pag 635.
647-8, as well as from the Duke of Newcastle's Life
wrote by his Lady, that the Duke made 12 Knights by
Commission.”

Oa p. 123 of the same volume is this additional
MS. note :—

“N.B.—S* Geo: Bakers Burial is entred upon the
Register of the great Church at Hull:—otherwise |
should not have given him a Monument. See Rush-
worth’s ‘Collect.’ Par: 3. vol 2, P. 647, &c. See Heath’s
‘Chron.,’ P. 68; and Lloyd’s ‘ Memoirs,’ P. 684.”

Danie Hipwett.

34, Myddelton Square, W.C.

Queries,

We must request correspondents desiring information
on family matters of only private interest, to affix their
names and addresses to their queries, in order that the
answers may be addressed to them direct.

Date or Bettamy’s Birta.—Can any light be
thrown on the mystery which seems to surround
the birth of George Anne Bellamy? In Letter IV.
of the ‘Apology for her Life’ she says explicitly,
“I was born on St. George’s Day, 1733”; but

tically contradicts this statement in Letter

IIL, in saying that she was “just fourteen” at
the time she “ entered into an agreement with Mr.
Rich.” The reference here is to her appearance as
Monimia Nov. 22, 1744, as she makes no allusion
throughout her Apology to the fact that her actual
début took place at Covent Garden March 27,
1742, when she acted Prue in ‘ Love for Love’ for
Bridgewater's benefit. On the latter showing the
date of her birth would be 1730.

a is worse confounded when we find
etwood, in his ‘ History of the S > givin
1727 as her natal year. J.

Scors.—Can any one explain or justify the use
of the factor Scots as an adjective, instead of Scot-
tish or Scotch? Scot is a substantive, and means
a native of Scotland. Its plural is Scots=natives
of Scotland. Yet Scots is customarily used as
an adjective= Scottish or Scotch; thus, “ pounds
Scots,” “the Scots Greys,” “the Scotsman news-
paper,” &c. Such a use of the word, though it
may be sanctioned by the jus which is founded on
communis error, is surely incorrect. It is just as
if we said “Poles” for Polish, or “Swedes” for

Swedish. P. Maxwett.
Bath and County Club,

, “Marca oF INTELLECT.”—Can any reader of
N. & Q’ tell us who invented this phrase, and

when it came into use? A correspondent of
N. & Q.’ well remembers hearing it used—he
thinks that it occurred in a paragraph read aloud
from a local newspaper—somewhere between 1836
and 1840. It had been laughed at and was going

out of use, we understand, in 1852, when the late
Dr. Maitland said :—

“ There has been much talk about the March of Intel-
lect— much dispute about its causes and consequences, its
advantages and disadvantages.”"—‘ Eight Essays,’ p. 107.

N. M. anv A.

Go1t.—To what part of a mill-stream does this
term apply? What is the origin of the word?
Has it any connexion with goitre? RR. T. H.

“ Reep-stake,” A DevonsHtre Worp,.—Halli-
well’s ‘ Dictionary’ contains the following entry:
** Reed stake. An upright stake to which an ox is
tied in the shippen. Durh.” Halliwell copied all
the available words he could obtain from Kennet’s
MS. Glossary in Lansdowne MS. 1033. But a
reference to that glossary points out that both it
and its variant Rydstake are assigned to Devon-
shire, and not to Durham.

T. N. M.D.

Salterton, Devon.

HerpMman Famity.—I should be glad of any in-
formation concerning members of this family prior
to 1680, and to know whether the Hirdmans and
Hardmans are of the same family. Is there a
published pedigree ? E. F. Herpmay.

Berwick-on-Tweed.

Tue VocaBuLary or THE
Has it been ascertained how many different words
(whether proper names are included or not in
their number) make up the vocabulary, or thesaurus
lingue, of the Authorized English Bible — ?

Osmunpa.—There are two beautiful royal ferns
(Osmunda regalis) springing tall and stately by
the window where I write. This suggests the
query, Who was the Queen Osmunda to whom
Wordsworth refers in his famous description of
this fern ?—

Plant lovelier, in its own retired abode

On Grasmere’s beach, than Naiad by the side

Of Grecian brook, or Lady of the Mere,

Sole-sitting by the shores of old romance,
There is a legend that a waterman of Loch Fyne
hid his wife and daughters under the luxuriant
foliage of this fern from a sudden raid of the
Danes whilst he ferried the invaders over the lake,
praying meanwhile for the safety of his dear ones,
and that one of his daughters in after years gave
the fern the name of her father, Osmund. Did she
ever come to queen’s estate? That the water-
man was really the fern’s name-father seems clear
from the fact that Gerarde calls the white centre
of the stem “the heart of Osmund, the 25 a

Greezev. — This word occurs in the sermon
preached by Thomas Prior, Prebendary of Glou-
cester, at the funeral of Miles Smith, Bishop of Glou-

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om the
re |

NOTES AND QUERIES.

[7% 8, VIII. Avo. 3, '39,

cester, and printed at the end of the bishop’s ‘ Ser-
mons,’ London, 1632, small folio, at p. 304 : ** Not
many houres before his departure I drew neere his
bed, he reached for my hand and greezed it.” Is this
a real word, or a misprint for — or squeezed ?
It is not in Halliwell. W. . Buckuey.

Armsor Notts County
Council have failed to find any arms for the county,
and are much exercised in their minds as to designs
for a seal. A committee appointed for the purpose
have now reported that a satisfactory seal could be
had in the form of a shield with four quarters, one
having an oak tree, as representing the forest
of the county; another with a wheatsheaf, as
representing the agriculture of the county ; another
with a pick and shovel, representative of the mining
interest ; and the last a representation, so far as it
could be got on a seal, of a hosiery frame! It is
sincerely to be hoped that some herald will arise in
Nottinghamshire. But are there no arms for the
county ? H. W. M.

Graves or Personaces.—One of
the great difficulties, if not the greatest, in the way
of a biographical writer, anxious for complete
details, is to discover the graves of his subjects.
Can readers of ‘N. & Q.’ assist me in discovering
where the following are buried ?/—The Beautiful
Gunnings ; Hugh Kelly, the dramatist ; Charles
Phillips, the Irish poet (died in London 1859),
James Brontere O’Brien, the Chartist ; Dr. Thomas
Sheridan ; and Michael Kelly. The latter two are
interred at Margate, but in what churchyard I
cannot find out. Micuart MacDownacu.

3, Rutley Gardens, Kennington Park, 8,E.

Four-centreD Arcu.—Can any one explain
why this old and useful form of arch, employed in
the Middle Ages through all Mohammedan Asia
and Catholic Britain, seems never till this year’s
Paris Exhibition to have set foot on the inter-
mediate continent of Europe? Away from these
new Champ de Mars erections I never saw nor
heard of such an arch between Calais and Constanti-
nople, or Gibraltar and Moscow. Here in England,
though it did not become as common as in Asia till
the Tudor dynasty, it had been increasingly used
from the twelfth century, to which belongs the
earliest example I know, the chancel arch and
vaulting of Easton Church, Hants. About a cen-
tury later we have those of the east chapel of St.
Albans ; and by 1360, when tracery became “ Per-
pendicular,” these arches grew abundant.

E. L. G.

Mary Russert.—Can any of your readers
furnish me with date or place of birth or baptism of
Mary Russell, great-granddaughter of the Protector
Oliver Cromwell ? She was the only child of Capt.

afterwards Lieut.-General) Rich (not Richard)
ussell, Rich was married April 5, 1693, at Ford-

ham, to his cousin Mabel, daughter of the then
late Gerard Russell, of Fordham. Mary, daughter
of Rich and Mabel, was married to the Rey,
Richard Mills, Vicar of Hillingdon, at Hillingdon,
Middlesex, Dec. 7, 1731, and died there in his life.
time, leaving issue, in 1743. She is named in the
wills of her grandmother Dame Frances Russell,
proved Feb. 16, 1719/20; of her cousin Elizabeth
Cromwell, proved April 12, 1731 ; and of her father,
proved June 28, 1735. F. W. M.

Merricat History or Enctanp.—Can any
reader give me the name of a metrical history of
England suitable for a child of seven « i

LB.

Hvuyssen.—In Reitstap’s ‘ Armorial,” Huyssen
de Kattendyke is described as an English baronet
at the beginning of the eighteenth century. Where
are particulars of this baronetcy to be — ‘6

Pepicrees oF SHACKLETONS AND Hatneaps,
—Can any correspondent inform me of a work con-
taining the above pedigrees? Some years ago Mr.
Roger Shackleton, of Leeds, now deceased, had sent
to him two leaves extracted from a book (pp. 97 to
100) in which were the pedigees, and a request for
supplementary information about the Shackletons.
As there are numerous inaccuracies in the Shackle-
ton pedigree, notably one showing a connexion
with the Halheads, I should like to make cor-
rections for any future publication, if I can ascer-
tain what work it is contained in.

Wm. SHACKLETON.

94, Rosebank Road, Leeds.

‘One Tract More.’—All who take interest in
the controversies which have disturbed the Estab-
lished Church during the Victorian era will re
member that ‘The Tracts for the Times’ conclude
with No. 90. At about the time that this remark-
able series came to an end a little pamphlet was
issued entitled ‘One Tract More.’ It was certainly
not by any of the tract writers, and was not, asits
author informed me, intended to form a part of
the series. This, if 1 remember aright, is obvious
from the fact that it is of a much smaller size than
its forerunners. It is many years since I read it
I am anxious, for a literary purpose, to examine it
once more. If any one of your readers will lend
me a copy I will return it in a very few days.

Epwarp Pgacock.

Bottesford Manor, Brigg.

Mrs. Cisser.—A scarce pamphlet, called ‘See
and Seem Blind, was published about the year
1732, which contains a very good description of
this charming actress, then Miss Arne. An
tract from this pamphlet was given in ‘N. & Q.,
4% §. v. 8, the gist of which was that Miss Ame
contributed so much to the success of an English

| | opel
act
aD
pam
| that
H
aly
coat
and
from
Azui
ton |
tion
in
Phe
whic
in th
dext
that
cres:
arme
| helm
& po
mott
Ea
Tr
be n
confi
of N
of T
Salle
of
Godf
great
the si
in wh
6,
Co:
Upon
in Pa
time |
said t
not m
did
Word
Unint
listen
noddi
little
Man
even t
To sit
hot u

VIII, Ave, 3, ’89.]

NOTES AND QUERIES.

opera in which she sang that, in order to counter-
act its effect, Handel was compelled to bring out
an oratorio. As every detail relating to Mrs.
Cibber is of interest, I should be glad to learn the
pame of the English opera in which she sang, and
that of the oratorio which Handel brought out in
opposition to it. W. F. Priveavx.
Jaipur, Rajputana.

Heractprc.—Can any of your readers give me
any information as to the owner of the following
coat of arms, which is emblazoned on parchment,
and was discovered in an old tin box, and which,
from the state of the colours, seems very old:
Azure, a crescent argent, in dexter chief on a can-
ton gules a saltire azure? I dare say my descrip-
tion is not so correctly described, from an heraldic

int of view, as it might be ; but it is sufficient.

re are nineteen other quarterings on the shield,
which is surmounted by three helmets—a knight’s
in the centre, and on each side an esquire’s. The
dexter esquire’s helmet is surmounted by a beacon
that might be argent; the knight’s helmet by a
cess coronet or, on which is a gryphon azure,
armed and langued gules ; the sinister esquire’s
helmet by a crest coronet or, out of which grows
a poplar tree vert. Beneath the shield is the
motto, “Gloria deo in excelsis.”

E. Carrineton Ovvry.
East Acton, W.

Tae Counts or Toutovse: Toter.—I should
be much obliged by any information tending to
confirm the statement that the Toler family (Earl
of Norbury) is descended from Fridolind, Count
of Toulouse, 849. I noticed when lately in the
Salle des Croisades, at Versailles, that “the arms”
of Count Raymond of Toulouse (a leader, with
Godfrey de Bouillon, one of the heroes of Tasso’s
great poem, of the Crusaders), a cross fleury, are
the same as those borne by the family named, and
in which I am interested.

Henry Geratp Hors.

6, Freegrove Road, N.

CoLeripce. — Wordsworth and Rogers called
upon Coleridge one forenoon when he was lodging
in Pall Mall. How came Coleridge to be at any
time so fashionably located? On quitting, Rogers
said to Wordsworth, “ Well, for my own part, I could
not make head or tail of Coleridge’s oration. Pray
did you understand it?” “Not one syllable of it,”
Wordsworth replied. He had talked for two hours
uninterruptedly, and Wordsworth had appeared to
listen with profound attention, every now and then
nodding assent. If Rogers reports this truly, it is
little to Wordsworth’s credit. He was not so polite
# man that we should expect him, out of deference
even to a genius greater than his own, to act a lie.
To sit nodding like a mandarin figure when he did
hot understand a syllable of what was said, and

that for a of two hours, is painful indeed to

have recorded. “ Politeness costs nothing,” runs

the proverb. It cost here more than the battle ot

Pavia to Francis, who wrote his mother that he

had lost all but honour. CO. A. Warp.
Walthamstow.

DescenDANTS OF SHaksPEARE.—M. L. Jeny,
in L’Intermédiaire, March 25, says :—

“Je lis dans L’ Abeille du Cher du Vendredi, 18 No-
vembre, 1836: ‘Un pauvre viellard de soixante-dix-sept
ans, nommé George Shakespeare, a été trouvé expirant
de froid et de faim dans la rue de Clarence, 4 Londres,
au milieu de la nuit affreuse de mercredi dernier. On
l’a porté & l’hépital, od il est mort aprés quelques heures
d'agonie,’

M. Jeny then asks me if I can give him any
further details of this sad end of one of the great
poet’s descendants, and whether any such exist at
the present day. Does any reader of ‘N. & Q.’
know anything about the above incident ; and can
any one answer the second query? J. B.S.

anchester.

or Quotations WaNTED.—

Mr, Lockhart closes his beautiful account of the death
of Sir Walter Scott with these words :—

And now ’tis silent all! Enchanter, fare thee well !
In the notice of Sir Walter in Chambers’s ‘ Cyclopedia
of English Literature’ the full couplet is given :—

A wandering witch-note of the distant spell ;
Enchanter, fare thee well!
Tomas Dysow.

And now ’tis silent all!
Whence is the quotation made ?

Replies.

WORDSWORTH’S ‘ODE ON INTIMATIONS OF
IMMORTALITY.’
(7% S, vii. 168, 278, 357, 416.)

The winds come to me from the fields of sleep.
Imaginative sympathy, indispensable as an aid in
interpreting poetry, subjective poetry especially, is
not wisely entrusted with the reins. Disposed to
assent rather than to question, her mood is the anti-
critical, and she is apt on occasion to whisper to
the mind that it sees a meaning when it is only the
ear that has been made captive toa sound. How
far these remarks derive point from the comments
of those who seem to claim that imaginative sym-
pathy alone can explain the line in question, the
reader will judge from what follows. The line as
it stands describes the winds as coming to the poet
from the realms of Sleep ; for, as intimated in my
first note, the “the” is imperative in restricting
the reference in “the fields of sleep”—to sleep
itself in the abstract, as distinguished from any
fancied sleep of winds, fields, mountain valleys,
&c. The question, therefore, is one not so much of
a mere obscurity as of a plain incompatibility of
imagery, rendering the line in which the phrase
occurs wholly unmeaning and severing that line
from any intelligible connexion with the context.

4
ber
Rev,
ion,
life- ?
‘the
sell,
beth
her,
a
ry of
seen
onet
0.
ADS,
con-
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sent
to
t for
tons.
ckle-
cor-
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st in
stab-
ll re-
clude a
t was
ainly
as its a
art of a
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than
ad it.
ine it
lend
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ion of ot
n ex
Q.,’
Ame
nglish |

90 NOTES AND QUERIES.

[7% S, VIII. Ava. 3,

One correspondent, recognizing how completely
the context forces the line, as it stands, into isola-
tion, discovers a propriety in this isolation, and has
an explanation thus :—As “‘ the fields of sleep”
must refer somehow or other to night and dreams,
he compels into relationship with it the preceding
two stanzas of the ode, by assuming them also to
be concerned mainly with things dreamlike and
nocturnal, in order to draw the inference that the
fields of sleep “‘ may well be an echo of all this : a
note or two of the old theme purposely struck
again as we enter the new”—why purposely, or
what the purpose, we get no hint, any more than
what the distinction of old and new may mean.
But it does not matter. For all purposes of an ex-
planation of the line, he is arguing in a circle, as
we see by the result ; for at the close of the seem-
ing explanation he says :—

“There is still, however, a difficulty...... The actual
winds come to you from the metaphorical fields of sleep
in which you have been lying.”

Exactly so: he finds himself round again to the
original difficulty, and he appeals a second time to
imaginative sympathy, with even a more disastrous
result, for we are now at sea amid declamation on
the grandeur of the ode generally and comparisons
of it to other work, the question at issue vanishing
from the purview. It is best so; for the confusion,
especially in metaphor, had become inextricable.
In fact the winds, which at first had duly come
from the fields of sleep, in process of argument had
begun to blow into them—‘“ as the man is wakened
out of the fields of sleep by the winds” of morning.
So far, then, imaginative sympathy seems rather a
Will-o’-the- wisp to lead inquiry astray, except in so
far as it results in still further strengthening the
contention that ‘‘the fields of sleep,” whatever
meaning was intended, cannot be regarded as meta-

hor consistently with any meaning in the line it
forms part of,

The force of this conclusion, and thence the
reasonableness of my suggestion of a possible error
in the text, will be all the more apparent when we
look at the assumptions relied on for giving colour
to the far-fetched notion that the line in question
may be regarded as an echo of something outside
the stanza, a sort of exclamatory interjection
isolated from its context and finding its connexion
elsewhere. For those assumptions are not ground-
less merely : they involve misconceptions of the
current of thought in the ode and also of its theme
in several respects. The “thought of grief” in
stanza iii. is not the thought expressed in the first
two stanzas ; nor is the “ timely utterance” those
two stanzas or any other stanzas of the ode. “ The
light of common day” in stanza v. is not the fuller
light into which “ you now ” emerge from the stage

dreamlike things, but the comparative dimness
and dulness of ordinary life in which the bright
child-visions are finally extinguished. A glance at

the first two stanzas will show that their imagery
is mainly of the day, not “nocturnal”; nor are the
thoughts of those two stanzas in any way “ dream-
like.” The opening words, “ There was a time,”
mark the point of departure for the ode and rele-
gate the dreamlike to the distant past. ‘“ Where,”
the poet sadly asks, as he argues out his theme—
“ where is it now, the glory and the dream?” In
fine, to speak of those stanzas as dreamlike is to
confound the child-visions themselves with the ob-
jective statement of them by the man, as he sum-
mons them up from memory after the visions
themselves had long faded, in order to gather, in
“the philosophic mind,” their meaning and sug-
gestion—the purpose of the ode, in brief.

So far, then, as to the negative evidence which
the failure of efforts to explain the line in question
by means of imaginative sympathy supplies, in
favour of the suggestion of a possible error in the
text. The direct evidence, however, supplied by
the stanza in which the line occurs appears to me
to be in itself all but conclusive against that line
having been intended as other than part and parcel,
and that intimately, of the context, and, by con-
sequence, against any metaphor having been in-
tended. (1) In the line—

No more shall grief of mine the season wrong,

the poet expressly disclaims reference to the past,
for the rest of the stanza certainly, and gives him-
self up almost with abandon to the influences of
the scene around him. (2) Had the disputed line
been intended as an interrupting note referring to
the past, the next line could not possibly com-
mence with “‘and.” (3) That it does commence
with “‘ and” makes the conclusion almost inevit-
able that the lines “The cataracts,” &c., “I hear
the echoes,” &c., and the line in dispute, must be
regarded as a set of consecutive sketches thrown
together from the scene before him, which, as the
contributing conditions, he sums up in the lines
* And all the earth is gay,” &c.

The insurmountable bar which the context thus
opposes to a sleep-and-dreams explanation of the
disputed line is borne strong if unconscious testi-
mony to by another correspondent, who essays to
explain away even Wordsworth’s distinct state-
ment. It is not correct, he tells us, to say that
nature is represented in that stanza as giving her-
self up to jollity. ‘It is rather the poet that is
represented as awaking” to the jollity—which he
forthwith describes, as we see! The distinction is
even finer than that of Hudibrastic fame between
the south and south-west side of a hair, and I wel-
come this yet further proof of the shifts we are pat
to if we attempt to give “the fields of sleep” any
intelligible connexion with the context. _—

As for the kind of “ bathos ” felt in passing from
the cloudland of ideas conjured up by a phrase
which baffles explanation to the level of intel

ligible expression, I quite understand it. If, how-

evet
or
of tl
prot
—t
69.
she|
Belc
Saw
sou
any
tov
the
T
jast
wol
f
]
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Ep
ina
car
clo
ref
wa
Mi
res
thi
do
the
tis!
sar
(
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viii
ans
kn
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ma
| the
bo
bet
(
48
ing
in
fol
‘
| Mi
| Th
of

7» 8, VIIL Ave, 3, '89.]

NOTES AND QUERIES. 91

ever, it be meant that the transition from “ sleep”
or “steep” to ‘‘ sheep,” or even the introduction
of the word “ sheep ” at all, involves a bathos, the
test reaches far beyond my humble suggestion
—touches Wordsworth himself and other poets,
«g., in the vision in ‘The Brothers,’ where the
shepherd-boy who had gone off to sea
Below him, in the bosom of the deep,
Saw mountains—saw the forms of - am that grazed, &c.
“The forms of sleep that gazed” might have
sounded finer, and as for the meaning— But, at
any rate, Wordsworth wrote as we see. Or turn
to where, in Keats’s ‘ Endymion,’ the voyager along
the sea-coast heard
The shepherd's pipe come clear from aerie steep
Mingled with ceaseless bleatings of his sheep,
just as the bleatings would have come to Words-
worth’s ear mingled with the sound of the cataracts
from that other “steep.” Tuomas J. Ewina.
Warwick.

Paris Recisters or St. Georce Martyr,
Canterbury (7" vii. 387; viii. 37).—The Rev.
Ep, MarsHALu’s reply does not meet my difficulty,
inasmuch as Archbishop Laud’s Articles of 1635
cannot well apply to his “ order” given about the
close of 1633. The new form of entry to which I
referred came into use at Lady Day, 1634, and
was continued in this particular parish until
en — after which the old form is
resumed. slight error crept into my query, and
this I should like to correct. The quiatinn i gave
does not appear in the register, but it appears in
the bishop's transcript. The form of entry of bap-
tisms changes in both register and transcript at the
same date. J. M. Cowper.

Canterbury.

_Kyees TURNED Backwarps §. vii. 486;
viii. 35).—Mr. Warren is perfectly right as to the
anatomy of birds. I know of no bird in which the
knee-joint is formed in the abnormal manner sug-
gested; but in birds, as in nearly all long-legged
mammalia (¢. g., the horse), the thigh is short and
the knee-joint close to the abdomen, while the
bones of the tarsus are prolonged so as to form a
second joint (directed backwards) about half-way
between the foot Pg knee-joint.

. Foster
eR Parmer, M.RC.S.

Josern (7 vii,
487).—“ 1752, July 25. Joseph Gascoign-Night-
ingale, Esq.; died the 16th: in the vault in the
North aisle of the Tombs.” To which Col. Chester,
in his ‘ Registers of Westminster Abbey,’ adds the
following note:—

“Son of Rev. Joseph Gascoigne, vicar of
Middlesex, by Anne, heir of
Theobald, of Barking, co, Suffolk, by Anne, daughter
of Robert Nightingale, eldest son of Sir Thomas

Nightingale, first baronet of Newport Pond, co. Essex.
He assumed the name of Nightingale on becoming
heir to his kinsman Sir Robert Nightingale, fifth
baronet. The Funeral Book, quoting his coffin-plate,
says that he was baptized 19 Dec., 1695, and died
16 July, 1752, as in the text, but the latter date is given
on his monument as 20 July. The inscription contains
other errors, due probably to the fact that the monument
was not erected until many years after, in obedience to
the will of his son, when accuracy was not obtained, even
if sought. He died at Enfield. His will, dated 25 Oct.,
1731, shortly after the death of his wife, was proved
3 Aug., 1752, by his eldest son, Washington Gascoigne-
Nightingale, Esq. His wife, Lady Elizabeth Shirley, the
eldest daughter and co-heir of Washington, second Earl
Ferrera, was born 1704, married 24 June, 1725, and died
17 August, 1731, not 1734, as given on her monument, by
Roubiliac, which is considered the gem of the Abbey.”
DanieL Hipwett.

34, Myddelton Square, Clerkenwell.

The monument in Westminster Abbey to which
Mr. Picxrorp refers was not erected until 1758,
and “ was really a monument to Mr. Nightingale”
(Stanley’s ‘ Westminster Abbey,’ 1868, p. 342).
Lady Elizabeth Nightingale died in 1731. Her
husband, who is described in Collins as of Enfield,
Middlesex, and Mamhead, co. Devon, and was one
of the members for Stafford from 1727 to 1734,
died on July 15, 1752. G. F. R. B.

Casa Pitatos vii. 107, 237, 433,
475).—Allow me to refer your correspondents who
are interested on this point to Smith’s ‘ Dictionary
of the Bible,’ s. v. “ Pilate,” and the next article,
“ Acta Pilati,” in the same book, where the dif-
ferent traditions concerning the scene of his death
are discussed. Sir Walter Scott makes a powerful
use of it, and lays the scene at the Lake of Lucerne
in ‘ Anne of Geierstein’ (chap. i.).

Joun Picxrorp, M.A.

Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge.

It may be of interest to mention that Archbishop
Trench, in his charming little book ‘The Study of
Words,’ has fully explained the error contained in
the name Mont de Pilate. See chap. ii., on “ The
Poetry in Words.”
Epwarp H. Marsnatt, M.A.
Hastings.

ReprEseNTATIONSOF TEARS ON TomBsToONES(7™
S. vii. 366, 477; viii. 16).—Your correspondent
Apna states that he remembers reading in a news-
paper, whose name and date he has forgotten, that
in Pére la Chaise cemetery there is a monument
in the form of a tear. Having an opportunity
recently to visit that same cemetery, I inquired
of the head guide after the monument in the
form of a tear. The answer was that such a
monument does not exist, nor has ever existed, in
Pére la Chaise. And our guide added :—

* Do you see, sir, newspapers may say what they please.
They are not in the secret of what is going on here, and

if they were they would have lots of things, not exactly

gery ;
the
;
me,”
rele-
ere,”
In 4
s to a
ob-
um-
ions
r, in
sug-
hich
in
the
by =
me =
line
cel,
red
im-
of
m-
nce
rit-
ear
be
wh
the
108
the
sti-
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he
is
en |
el-
4
ny
#
al-
|

92 NOTES AND QUERIES.

(7® 8. VIIL. Ava. 3, °89,

of the funny kind, to relate about our great city of the
dead. For instance, which of them has ever talked of an
event which took place here so late as last week? A
young man, twenty-five years of age, had been married
twenty-six days when he died. He was interred here,
and when the body was committed to the ground his
wife, a girl of eighteen, dropped down stark dead on the
spot.”

_ The story told by Thackeray about the vewve
inconsolable with the lamp may be true. It is a
good tale, and will bear repeating, “ decies repetita
placebit.” But what of Zoe’s unfortunate husband ?
Shall we pity him for not being any longer allowed
to grow his melons on the tomb of his better half?
Not I, for he was a downright fool. He ought to
have sent the officials of the cemetery about their
own business, and he might have continued
peacably for many years to grow his vege-
tables on the grave of his dear Zoe. In
England “a man may call his house an island if
he likes, there’s no Act of Parliament against
that”; so in France a man may grow whatever he
pleases on the plot of ground he has bought and
paid for, be this plot of ground in Pére la Chaise or
anywhere else. There is no law, statute, or regula-
tion whatever against that. So late as last month
I saw potatoes actually growing on the tomb of
Parmentier in Pére la Chaise, and I was told by
the chief guide that it has always been the custom
to grow them there. I do not know whether any-
body eats them, but they do grow on the tomb of
| importer of the vegetable. DNaRGEL.
aris,

Game or THE Goose (7 §. vii. 408; viii. 11).—
Perhaps Byron on this game may be worth quot-
ing :—

A young unmarried man, with a good name

And fortune, has an awkward part to play;
For good society is but a game,

“ The royal game of Goose,” as I may say,
Where everybody has some separate aim,

An end to answer, or a plan to lay—
The single ladies wishing to be double,
The married ones to save the virgins trouble.

‘Don Juan,’ canto xii, stanza lviii.

R. E. N.

Wittiam Satmon, M.D. (7™ S. vi. 308, 491).
—His will, as ‘of the parish of Blackffriers, Lon-
don, Physician and Surgeon,” dated Nov. 30,
1711, was proved April 22, 1713 (P.C.C. 91,
Leeds). In it he says :—

“ And whereas my wife Ann Salmon to my very un-
speakable grief has for more than Eight years last past
conducted herself towards me in a far different manner
than what in respect to my justice and uprightness
friendly convereation and kind dealing both to her self
and her Relations (upon whom I solemnly declare I have
expended more than double the fortune I ever had with
her) might have [been] reasonably expected I do hereby
nevertheless give and bequeath unto her my said Wife
fifty pounds,”

Dayiet Hipwett.

34, Myddelton Square, Clerkenwell.

Sir Francis Leon, K.B. (7 S. viii. 7).—He
was of Newnham Regis, in Warwickshire, being
the son of Sir William Leigh, Kat. (third son of
Sir Thomas Leigh, Lord Mayor of London, and
brother of Sir Thomas Leigh, first baronet of
Stoneleigh), by Frances, daughter of Sir James
Harington, of Exton. His wife was Mary, daughter
of Lord Chancellor Ellesmere. He was one of the
K.B.s made at the coronation of James I. on
July 25, 1603. He represented Oxford in the
Parliaments of 1601 and 1604-11, Leicester in
1614, and Warwickshire in 1621-22. I do not
know the date of his decease, but his only son,
Francis, was raised to the peerage as Baron Dans-
more in 1628, and Earl of Chichester in 1644.

W. Dz.

Leigh, Lancashire.

Irauian Pronunciation §,

vii. 487).—There is no hint of a resemblance be-
tween English and Italian pronunciation to be found
in Thomas U vedale’s translation of John Veneroni’s
‘ Method of Learning Italian,’ which was published
early in the eighteenth century. In his “ Epistle
Dedicatory ” the translator says of the Italian lan-
guage,—
“that by its inexpressible Delicacy and Softness it
seems to have been design’d purely for Musick, Love,
and Poetry; a Language fram’d on Purpose to charm
and bewitch the Heart; and, in short, a Language,
which for Sweetness and Harmony is as much superior
to the French...... as that is to the Dutch, or Welsh,
There is certainly Inchantment in the very Sound of it,
and therefore I don’t wonder that a Passionate Admirer
of it heretofore was of Opinion, that the Serpent made
use of it in Paradise, to Ruin and Seduce our Mother
Eve.” —P, vi.

Peter Heylyn, in his ‘Cosmographie’ (1657),
says :—

“ The present language of Italy is a decompound, made
up especially of Latin and the old Italian: some notions
of the Lombard being mixt with it in the North, and
West, some of the Gothish, in the middest, about Rome
itself; and not a little of the Greek, in the East of
Naples.” —P.

J. F.

Liverpool.

Papus (7 §. vii. 488).—Writing of the
“ Cerasus racemosa putida Padus Theophrasts
dicta, the strange long cluster cherry,” Parkinson
(* Thea. Bot.,’ 1640) says that—
“it is taken by Dalechampius to be the Padus of Theo-
phrastus...... The Burgonians about the river of Seine,
doe call it Pudis (from whence it is likely Dalechampius
tooke the name, to come neere to Padus) and take it for
a kinde of wilde Cherry......and because the wood smelleth
strong, the Savoyans call it Putier.”—Pp. 1516, 1520.

J. F. Mansercu.

Liverpool.
As a term in botany, Padus is taken from the

Greek, as Theophrastus mentions a tree ca
mados, which, like the yew, greatly delights in &

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NOTES AND QUERIES. 93

shady situation. Liddell and Scott have “ rddos, | the completion, but apparently the merchants of

a tree or shrub, perhaps Lat. nus padus, v.
ios,” under which word they say, “some think
that w7Sos was a wood, because the Gauls called
the fir tree pados or pades.” This last form is in
Ducange—“ Pades, Arbor Picea, Gallis, ut auctor
est Plinius "—who says in his account of the river
Padus, “ Metrodorus tamen Scepsius dicit quoniam
circa fontem arbor multa sit picea, quales Gallicd
vocentur Padi, hoc nomen accepisse” (‘N. H.,’
iii, xx., ed. Harduin. W. E. Bucktey.

Probably from the Greek zadds, the name of
some tree, whether the prunus padus or not.
Even though the Greek and Latin words may
denote different trees, yet the Latin may come
from the Greek word, as fagus, a beech, from
dyes, @ kind of oak. There is a note on the
connexion between the words radds, padus
(the bird-cherry tree) and padus (the pitch pine)
in Liddell and Scott, sub voce “ rides.”

Jutius STEGGALL.

I wish.to augment this query. Is there any
connexion between the pitch trees, called Padi,
and the amber-bearing pine, seeing that the amber
district on the Baltic is confused with the river
Eridanus or Po, ¢. ¢., Padus or Padanus ?

A. Hatt.

Mistarcuy (7 §. vii. 188, 296, 414).—I am
glad to see that this monstrosity is knocked on
the head by G. F. S. E., and I would humbly
crave leave to add my voice to that of Mr.
in denouncing polygarchy as
equally monstrous. Surely polyarchy (rod vapxia)
is on all fours with polyandry (zoA vavdpia).

Watrorp, M.A.

7, Hyde Park Mansions, N.W.

Latin Lives S. vii. 348, 470).—Another
English version of the Latin lines of Thomas War-
ton’s ‘Somne Veni’ runs more trippingly, I think,
though some will object to the “I vouch” and “I
say,” but they do not offend me :—

O Sleep, an image true of death thou art, I vouch,

And yet I pray thee to lie with me on my couch.

Come hither to me Sleep, and do not haste away,

For life, thus sunk in thee, is pleasant death I say,

C. A. Warp.

Walthamstow.

Otp Bringer (7* §, vii. 483; viii. 35).—
On referring to my book ‘ Southwark and its Story’
I find that Mr, Merry is right as to Peter of Cole-
church dying in 1205, but the bridge was not com-
pleted till four years afterwards, in 1209. ‘The
work,” says Stowe, ‘was carried on by three
worthy Merchants of London, Searle Mercer, Wil-
liam Almaine, and Benedict Botewrite.” But
Peter was not buried in the chapel till 1225, King
John wrote a letter recommending one “ Isembert,
Maister of the Schools at Xaintes,” to superintend

London did it without his help. It is said that
when the chapel on the bridge was taken down in
1832 they came upon the monument of Peter of
Colechurch. If the body was removed in 1737,
that accounts for no remains being found when
the bridge and chapel were removed.
Cuartorre G. Bocer.
St. Saviour’s, Southwark.

When the mews at the bottom of Ennismore
Gardens were being built, in 1871, my husband’s
uncle, Sir James Scarlett, who lived in a house
close by, told me that the pillars which now sup-
port the entrance formerly were part of old London
Bridge. B. Firorexce ScARLETT.

Certic Cuurca (7" §. vii. 429, 476).—I cannot
think that the fact of Easter having been observed
by the Celtic Church in Britain at a different time
from that at Rome, or that the form of the tonsure
was different, affords proof (as Mr. H. J. Moute
considers it does).of the non-Roman origin of the
ancient British Church.

In Bede’s ‘Ecclesiastical History’ (chap. iv.,
Bohn’s edition), it is stated that in the middle of
the second century
“ Lucius, a British King, sent a letter to Pope Eleu-
therius, entreating that he might be made a Christian.
He soon obtained his pious request, and the a
served the faith they received in peace and tranquillity
until the time of the Emperor Diocletian.”

The ‘Anglo-Saxon Chronicle’ notes the same
event under date a.p. 167.

It was during the Diocletian persecution (about
A.D. 305) that St. Alban and many British martyrs
suffered ; but the Church must have continued
robust in spite of persecution, and it must also
have kept up its communion with the rest of the
Catholic Church, since we hear of British bishops
at the Council of Arles, a.p. 314; at the Council
of Sardica, 347; and at the Council of Ariminium,
in Italy, 359.

Fifty years after this last-named council the
Roman emperor withdrew his protection from
Britain, which, left to itself, became a prey to in-
vaders. In time Christianity was exterminated on
our island within the bounds of the Saxon hep-
tarchy, and by the year 596, when Pope Gregory
was able to send Augustine to England, it was
chiefly among the mountains of Wales that the
remnant of the old British Church was to be found.
For nearly two hundred years the terrible wars of
the times had caused the Celtic Church to be iso-
lated from the rest of Christendom. I would sug-

st that this isolation accounts for the differences
‘ound by Augustine as to the observance of Easter
and the tonsure. That this was the case may be
gathered from what Bede tells us of the way the
matter of Easter was finally settled for England.
It was at a synod held at Whitby a.p. 664, in the

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94 NOTES AND QUERIES.

8, VIII. Ave. 3,

time of Oswy, King of the Northumbrians, who,
says Bede, “came thither.” Bede gives the speeches
made on both sides very fully. Bishop Colman
spoke first on the Celtic side, and then “ the Priest
Wilfred” on the Roman side. Wilfred tells the
assembly that the Roman way of keeping Easter
was decided on by St. Peter “when he preached
at Rome,” and that the same way is practised “in
Italy and in France, in Africa, Asia, Egypt, Greece,
and all the world, except in these two remote
islands.” He afterwards urges the necessity of
obeying “the most blessed prince of the apostles,
to whom our Lord said, ‘ Thou art Peter, and upon
this rock I will build my church, and the gates of
hell shall not prevail against it, and I will give unto
thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven.’” When
Wilfred had spoken, King Oswy asked the speakers
on both sides if they were agreed that these words
had been spoken to St. Peter by our Lord. They
both answered that they were soagreed. ‘Then,”
said the king, “I will, as far as I know, and am
able, obey his decrees ; lest, when I come to the
gates of the kingdom of heaven, there should be
none to open them, he being my adversary who is
proved to have the keys.” After this “all present,”
says Bede, “gave their assent, and, renouncing
the more imperfect institution, resolved to conform
to that which they found to be better.”
Vera.

The history of the Celtic Church may be found
in Warren’s ‘Liturgy and Ritual of the Celtic
Church,’ where R. T. H. will find on p. 46 :—

“ It is hardly possible to pass over in silence the theory
of the Eastern origin of the Celtic Church which was once
much in vogue, but which is now generally abandoned as
untenable.”

As to the differences between the Roman and
Celtic, Mr. Warren gives them as follows :-—

“1, The calculation of Easter.

“2. Baptism. (a) Single immersion ; (2) the omission
of unction ; (c) the ceremonial washing of the feet.

“3. The tonsure.

‘4, The ordinal, (a) The consecration of bishops by a
single bishop; (b) the lections of Scripture; (c) the
anointing of the hands ; (d) the prayer at the giving of
the stole ; (¢) rite of delivering the book of the Gospels
to deacons at ordination; (f) rite of investing priests
with a stole at ordination.

“5. Peculiar mode of consecrating churches and
monasteries. (a) Celtic churches as a rule...... were not
named ofter departed saints, but after their living
founders ; (b) the consecration of a church or monastery
was re by a long fast.

“6, The Liturgy and Ritua of the Mass.”

The author also speaks, amongst other things, of
the benediction, pax, prayer for the dead, east-
ward position .vestments, colours, incense, wafer
bread, mixed chalice, reservation, eulogie, and
sign of the cross, all of which are proved to have
been in use in the Celtic Church, though perhaps
some of us regard several as novelties. Though we
may not all agree with the author’s conclusions, the

book will be found a splendid monument of original
research and learning. H. Lirrcenares,
Clovelly, Bexley Heath,

In Stubbs’s edition of Mosheim’s ‘ Ecclesiastical
History,’ vol. i. p. 438, note 4, is the following
quotation and editorial comment :—

“ There are many traces of a connexion having existed
between the Christians in that part of the world

the South of France] and those of Asia Minor. It has

een supposed that Polycarp sent missionaries into Gaul
(Burton's ‘ Hist. of the Christ, Church,’ London, 1838,
p. 237).—[The arguments that have been used to prove
the independent Oriental origin of the British Church
from the Paschal computation and semicircular tonsure
vanish before careful criticism. The usage on both these
points differed as much from that of the Eastern as from
that of the Western churches. In the former they fol-
lowed the ancient usage of Rome, and the latter practice
may have been indigenous, though it was ascribed to
Simon Magus by its opponents, and to St. John by the
Britons themselves,—Ep. |

M. B.Cantab.

Josrra Auten, Bisnor or Exy §. vii. 370).
—In the‘ ManchesterSchool Register,’ soably edited
for the Chetham Society by my old friend the Rev.
J. Finch Smith, M.A., vol. ii. pp. 43-47, there is
the fullest notice with which I am acquainted of
this prelate. Joseph, son of William Allen, Esq.,
of Manchester, was baptized at St. Anne’s Charch,
Manchester, on December 6, 1770 ; entered Man-
chester School on January 14, 1779; went to
Trinity College, Cambridge, as a Fellow Commoner
in 1788, and on his father’s reverse of fortune be-
came a Commoner, read hard, and was placed
seventh among the Wranglers in 1792. Having
been elected Fellow of Trinity, and engaged in
the tuition of the college, he became private tutor
to Lord Althorpe, and was presented by Earl
Spencer, his pupil’s father, in 1808, to the vicarage
of Battersea, having been made a Prebendary of
Westminster twoyearspreviously. In 1829 the Dean
and Chapter presented him to the vicarage of St.
Bride’s, Fleet Street, from which he was promoted,
in 1834, to the see of Bristol, and translated in
1836 to the bishopric of Ely, which he held till his
death in 1845. He printed a few sermons and
charges: “The Dangers to which the Church of
England is Exposed, both from Without and
Within: a Sermon, 1822, 4to.”; “A Charge,
1835, 4to.”; “A Sermon at the Anniversary of
the British District Societies, 1835, 4to.”; “An
Ordination Sermon, 1836, 4to.”; “A Charge
1837, 4to.” On his appointment to Ely he had
some dispute with the Ecclesiastical Commissioners,
which resulted in an augmentation of the income
of the see, The correspondence was printed as &
pamphlet, and when the bishop appeared in the
House of Lords Lord Lyndhurst remarked to him,
“ Well, Bishop of Ely, you are the first man I ever
knew to get 1,500/. a year by writing a pamphlet.”
He was buried in the cathedral, and in the south
aisle of the choir there is a statue of the bishop

Sater co

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7S, VIIL Ava. 3,

NOTES AND QUERIES.

with a Latin inscription, the date on which of his
death, being according to the Roman system of
reckoning, seems to have misled the sender of the
query, who gives it as April 13, whereas the “ xiii
Ual. April” is March 20 of our calendar. The fol-
lowing anecdote may be deemed worthy of pre-
servation in ‘N. & Q.’ When Dr. Allen was
made Bishop of Bristol in 1834, the patronage of
the living he vacated devolved, as is usual, to the
Crown, and the Whigs being then in power, St.
Bride’s was conferred on Dr. William Carwithen,
then a leading Whig in the city of Exeter, with
whom Lord Ebrington, one of the members for the
county of Devon, used to stay when in Exeter,
and to whose influence the doctor was, no doubt,
indebted for his promotion. Soon afterwards
meeting Dr. Philpotts, then Bishop of Exeter,
his lordship, after the usual words of con-
gratulation, added, “ And I should recommend you,
Dr. Carwithen, to lose as little time as possible in
embracing your bride.” The advice was not
heeded, the Whigs were defeated on some ques-
tion and turned out, Sir Robert Peel came in, and
the ecclesiastical bride was united to some more
fortunate suitor. Peel’s ministry, however, lasted
only for a few months, and on the Whigs’ return
to office Dr. Carwithen was soon presented to Stoke
Climsland, a valuable living in the gift of the
Duchy of Cornwall, which he held till his death.
W. E. Bucktey.

Asax CAPTURED BY THE Frencu (7" §. viii.
28).—Lac being doubtful as to the date of this
capture, it may be worth while to inform him that,
according to ‘Chronological Annals of the War’
(1763), in March, 1761,

“the Ajax East Indiaman, homeward bound, of 750 tons,
26 guns, and 100 men, with a valuable cargo on board,
worth 200,000 pounds sterling, was taken by the Prothée
of 64 guns, Captain Cornei commander,”’—P. 187.

J. F. Mansercu.

Liverpool,

Heratpic (7" §,. vii. 268, 317, 472).—These
arms, quartered with those of Eyre, Sancroft, Guy-
bon, and Castell, are to be found on the old tombs
of the Damant family in Lammas, in Norfolk.
They became possessed of this property in the first
years of the eighteenth century by the marriage of
Thomas Damant with the heiress of the Eyres.
Since his day, for seven generations, the spelling
of the name has not altered, although the pronun-
ciation has varied greatly. One of the family tra-
ditions is that the turnip was introduced into
England by the Damants. Another is that the
cause of their leaving Flanders was the religious
presecution of Alva. The well-known tombs in
Antwerp and Ghent, from the thirteenth century,
and the records preserved there, give the same
spelling of the name as the Norfolk branch retains
at present,

I am anxious to obtain information concerning
the family in the seventeenth century ; and if any
of your readers can favour me with any notes on
the subject I shall be greatly indebted to their
courtesy. Information might be given by any one
possessing any records of the Sancroft and Guybon
families. Archbishop Sancroft’s nephew, William
Sancroft Damant, acted for many years as his
private secretary, and handed down to his family
many interesting relics of the archbishop. Among
them is an account-book kept at Lambeth Palace,
wherein many entries as to moneys lost and won
at play show that the taste for gaming penetrated
even to the home of the Primate.

I may perhaps be permitted to remark on the
curious fact that within a few weeks two of your
correspondents should ask for information in your
columns on the same passage in Gwillim. ith
reference to the inquiry as to the introduction of
the turnip, I may mention a quotation from an
old ballad which I am anxious to find. It runs:—

And one avers his house still bears
A turnip for its crest.

Mr. Hipwett gives the lion as the crest of the
Norfolk Damants. They are unacquainted with
the fact that a dexter hand is borne as crest by
any of the family. We Be

Wisnine Bone (7 §. vii. 509).—A somewhat
similar question was asked in 1* §. vi. 54, to
which there was no reply. Nor am I aware that
there was another reference to the wishing bone
until 5" S, xi. 86, when the question was the
subject of a note by Zero, This was followed
by a rather long communication from Mr. E.
Sotty at p. 173. Mr. Soxty refers memoriter to
the Spectator. The exact reference is to No. 7:
“ And have seen a man in love grow pale and lose

his appetite upon the plucking of a merrythought.”
Ep.

“A wort” =Mocu (7" §. vi. 128, 153, 176).—
I must say that, in spite of all that has been said
in favour of Forby’s derivation from the Ice}. mart
(neut. of margr, many), I much prefer Bailey’s
derivation from the French amort, which he should,
however, have written @ mort. For in the patois
of Normandy & mort (lit. to death) is still used in
the meaning of “en grande abondance ” (Moisy),
“ beaucoup, a l’excés” (Dubois), and may be com-
pared with our to death, as in “I am worried to
death,”* and with mortal=“ very, exceeding, ex-
cessive, abounding” (Brockett’s ‘Glossary,’ and
see W. C. B.’s note, 7" 8. vi. 176). Compare

* A la mort (to the death) seems to have been used in
other parts of France=a mort in Normandy, in the mean-
ing of “to excess,” “very abundantly.” See Moisy’s
second quotation (from Bern. de Palissy, who came from
Agen, in the south-west of France), in which a vine is
spoken of as “ chargée & la mort ’=loaded to di

with a evperabundant quantity of grapes.

il
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96 NOTES AND QUERIES,

(7% 8, VIII. Ave, 3, °89,

especially Dubois’s example, “ i] y avait du monde
4 mort,” which exactly corresponds to the East
Anglian “a mort of folk,” quoted in 7™ S. vi. 153,
176. And compare also Moisy’s first example,
“ Note peirier bara s’te annaie dé peires & mort”
=our tree will give (yield) this year pears in
great abundance, or a mort of pears.

When this expression was transferred into Eng-
lish it would seem that the preposition & came to
be regarded as the article, and so a mort obtained

. the meaning of a great quantity. Its place in the

sentence, too, changed. In French, the expression,
being used adverbially, comes last or late; in Eng-
lish it is regarded as a simple substantive, and so
comes early. And it is this change of position, I
think, which has made modern English etymolo-

gists fail to recognize the connexion between a
mort and the French & mort. CHance.
Sydenham Hill.

I.’s (7" S. vii. 368, 431, 517).
—The supposition “ perhaps we may hear of more ”
is not likely to fail. Ata meeting of the North
Oxon. le Society, in 1854, Canon Payne,
Vicar of Swalcliffe, read an unpublished letter,
written in London on the day of the king’s execution
by one of the family of the Scotts of Escrick, in the
East Riding, to a relative of the same name, who, as
Lord Mayor of York, had entertained the king on
his visit to that city in August, 1641. Together
with this letter were exhibited the gloves formerly
belonging to the king, of which Canon Payne gave
this notice :—

“ The gloves were given by King Charles to the above-
mentioned Lord Mayor of York in memorial of the hos-
os with which Mr, Scott had received him; they

ended as heirlooms from him to Zachary Scott ; from
him to the grandfather of the Mistress Mary Scott, of
the Close, Winchester, who is now their owner, and who
has kindly lent them to me for your inspection to-day.
With one exception, when they were sent to the late Sir
Walter Scott, they have never been out of her custody,
until I brought them away for our present purpose.

“ The gloves, if you will take the trouble of examini
them at the conclusion of this paper, you will fin
beautifully embroidered about the wrists, after the
fashion of their day, in gold tissue and silk upon white
satin. There does not appear to be anything heraldic or
emblematic in the pattern of the embroidery. It is
simply composed of wreaths of leaves and flowers. Nor
is there anything remarkable in the shape of the gloves,
except the well-known characteristic of the royal hand,
the length of its fingers.” — Transactions, 1833-5,
pp. -9,

Ep. MARSHALL.

Joun M.P. ror Sovrawarx (7" S.
vii. 509).—I cannot speak of his descent, but the
following particulars, if new to Mr. Piv«, will
interest him. ‘Reasons for choosing Cox and
Cholmley Parliament Men for the Borough of
S—thw—k,’ a broadsheet, c. 1704: “3rd reason,
because Mr. Ch—mly’s father broke and paid but
5 shill in the pound,” &. ‘‘ 4th reason, because

Mr. Ch—mly has so Distinguishing a Faculty,
that after 8 years being a Parliament Man he could
after an Hours Discourse be Convinced that there
might be a Bill in Parliament before it had pass’d
the Royal Assent.” The broadsheet looks like an
election scandal or mere abuse. Another broad-
sheet I have, dated December 25, 1701; the in-
habitants assembled at the Bridge House Hall
tender deliberate advice to their members Cox and
Cholmley. It ends thus:—“ Above all gentlemen
we conjure you to be most tender of the Person
of his Majesty, to endeavour that no Indignity
may be offered to a Prince born for the good of
Europe,” &. Cholmley was a brewer, of Mand-
lin’s e and of Griffin’s Wharf, and there had
been notable Cholmleys of Walworth and Newing-
ton.

“John Cholmley, of S* Olave’s, Southwark, co.
Surrey, brewer, and Alice, d. of John Standbrooke,
citizen and barber-chirurgeon of S* Margaret’s,
Westminster, 20 July, 1687” (‘ Mar. Lic. Vic.
Gen.’). A new writ was ordered for Southwark
December 8, 1711. Administration of his goods,
&c., was granted to Alice, the widow and relict,
December 7, 1711 (P.C.C.).

Daniet Hipwett.

34, Myddelton Square, Clerkenwell.

Beyzpict viii. 47).—Mr. G. Pieapex
asks how this name is derived and applied. But
in referring to Shakespere—

Our talk must only be of Benedick—

the name Benedict belongs to the founder of the
great order which bears his name. There is a play
upon the opponent of marriage afterwards be-
coming a married man. And the term Benedict
is, or should be, so appropriate that it insensibly
passes into a proverb. However, the Editor of
‘N. & Q.,’ in replying by a note to a similar query,
Why a person recently married is called a Dae
dict, whereas St. Benedict was never married,
observes, “ We are disposed to look further back
[than Shakespere] for the original use of the word
Benedict to signify a married man” (3* S. viii.
210). Ep. MarsHalt.

For a discussion on the derivation of this word
see ‘N. & Q.,’ 3" S. viii. 210, 276, 317, 342, 399.
Everarp Home CoLemay.
71, Brecknock Road.

Sr. Pavt’s Deavery S, vii. 508).—So far
as can be judged from the map of London, origi-
nally “publish’t by authority” about the year
1600, which is contained in the ‘New View of
London’ (1708), it does not seem that the gardens
of the old deanery at that date extended to any
great distance towards the river. Indeed, nearly
all the land south of Carter Lane is represented as
being covered with buildings. In the ‘Plan of
Baynard’s Castle Ward and Farringdon Ward

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8, VIII. Ave. 3, °89.]

NOTES AND QUERIES.

Within, which is dated 1755, and was published
in Maitland’s ‘ History and Survey,’ almost all the
garden is to the west and north of the deanery,
and it is surrounded, except one small portion
abutting on St. Paul’s Churchyard, by buildings
in Ludgate Street, St. Paul’s Churchyard, Dean’s
Court, Great Carter Lane, and Creed Lane. One

of the garden to the north is almost cut off
~ the rest by a building which projects into it.

J. F. Manseren,
Liverpool.

Vicarace (7 §, vii. 428).—In Spel-
man’s ‘ Villan Anglicanum,’ London, 1656, “Bent-
ham, Gloc., Dunstone hund.” Crt.

Waorwoop Famity anp Cromwe.iian RELIc
(7 S. vii. 505).—I have a photograph of this relic,
given me by its former possessor, the late Rev.
T. H. Whorwood, D.D., Vicar of Willoughby,
Warwickshire, together with a copy of the in-
scription, which is as follows :—

“Anno Sacro mpcxitvr Henricus Ireton, Ursule
Domine Whorwood ob hospitium muneri misit hunc
scyphum, ab illo magno Olivario Cromwell, socero suo

sibi
F. D. H.

Tae ArcupisHop or CANTERBURY’S DisPENsA-
tion (7" §. viii. 27).—The inference drawn by
DeS. is correct so far as that this dispensation runs,
as the Pope’s formerly ran, throughout the realm ;
but the right of the Archbishop of York and other
bishops to dispense in cases accustomed is reserved
by the enabling Act, which is that ‘Concerning
Peter-pence and Dispensations,’ 25 Henry VIII.,
cap. 21. See Gibson’s ‘ Codex,’ i. 107.

C. F. 8. Warren, M.A.

‘Tae Fireman’ viii. 8).—I think it pos-
sible that the poem to which Recirer alludes may
be found in Chambers’s Journal for October 1,
1887. Though it bears the name of the first line,
“The city lies in hushed repose,” it might well be
called ‘The Fireman,’ as it describes the outbreak
of fire in the dead of night and the heroism of a
fireman in saving a mother and child. It appears
with the author’s name, and might be considered
very suitable for recitation. = Be

If Recrrer means ‘The Fireman’s Wedding’
(“ What are you looking at, guv’nor }”), the author
is W. A. Eaton, by whose permission A. H. Miles
inserts it in the ‘Al Reciter,’ p. 10.

Ep. MarsBatt.

Brack Mew as Heratps 1n tae Brirtisu Istes
(7 8. vii. 448, 517; viii. 32).—I can add, in sup-
port of C. H.’s statement about the herald and his
trumpeter, an extract from the State Papers of
1513, where, in a list of salaries paid on account
of the war with France that year, occurs the
following entry: “John Skarlett, Wyndsore

Harold (2.) himself and trumpeter.” The Guards’
bands used to have black men who played the
cymbals, but they were only introduced at the end
of the last century, and the last was discharged
from the Scots Fusilier Guards in 1841.

B. Firorence Scarzetr.

Berks AnD OxrorDsHIRE (7® viii. 7).—T. P.
Anderson’s ‘Book of British Topography’ gives,
among others, for Berkshire : Elias Ashmole’s ‘An-
tiquities of Berkshire,’ with a large appendix of
original papers, pedigrees of families, &c.; Daniel
Lysons’s ‘ Magna Britannia,’ vol. i. part ii.; and
William Berry’s ‘County Genealogies.’ And for
Oxfordshire : ‘Oxfordshire Pedigrees,’ edited by
Sir T. Phillipps ; Harleian Society’s Visitations of
the county, 1866, &c., edited and annotated by
W. H. Turner, vol. v. of the Society’s publications,

M.B.Cantab.

If Mrs. B. F. Scartetr were to insert the
name of the family with the locality, there might
be more chance of offering suggestions which might
be useful. Ep.

TransLation Wantep (7 §. viii. 47).—The
Rector of Upton-on-Severn asks for a terse, archaic,
and alliterative translation of the lines :-—

Non vox, sed votum ; non musiea chordula, sed cor ;

Non clamans, sed amans, psallit in aure Dei.
The two following are not more than paraphrase ;
and the first of them, indeed, is a mere adaptation.
But at any rate they are only two lines apiece :—

1
Not sound, but sober sense ; not art, but heart;
And love, not learning, is Devotion’s part.

2.
Only the sense in the sound and the heart in the art of
the music,
Only the love in our lays, reaches the ear of the Lord.

A. J. M.

How does Rector like the following rendering
of the verse given by him in ‘N. & Q.’ ?—
Let vow with voice accord,
Sound heart with sounding string,
True zeal with sacred word,
Then in God’s ear ’twill ring.
Leirion.
(Sr. Swrrnrn’s version arrived too late.]

Auice Perrers (7* §, vii. 148, 215, 449; viii.
30).—I must ask leave to differ from your corre-
spondent VOILE DRoIcT as to the modern origin
of the distinction between Maids of Honour and
Ladies of the Bedchamber. I find on the rolls of
the thirteenth century a very plain distinction
between two classes of ladies attendant on a queen
one of which consisted of maidens who were term
‘* Domicelle Reginz,” the other of matrons, called
“ Domicellaee Camere Regine.” I have not found
among the former any instance of a married woman,
nor of an unmarried one among the latter, so far as

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98 NOTES AND QUERIES.

(7 8, Ava. 3,

my knowledge extends. I know only of two doubt-
ful cases, where the mention and the marriage are so
nearly synchronous that evidence is not forthcoming
which stood first. I also find several married women
styled “ nuper Domicella Reginz.” In the list of
“ Domicelle Regine” (Maids of Honour, as I
take it) pensioned on the death of Queen Philippa,
the name of Alice Perrers does noé occur, while
she is always termed “ Domicella Camere Regine,”
as also is Philippa Chaucer, the poet’s wife. This
evidence seems to me sufficiently conclusive that
Alice Perrers was certainly not a Maid of Honour,
as distinguished from a Lady of the Bedchamber.
Would your correspondent be so good as to give his
authority for the statement that Alice was the
daughter of Sir Richard Perers ?
HERMENTRUDE.

“Paxena Maori” (7 §, vii. 327, 373).—-The
Mannings of Sydney and the Manings of Hobarts
and Hokianga are not connected. Mr. Frederick
Maning, a north of Ireland man, emigrated with
his family and settled at Hobart, Tasmania, calling
his property “Red Knights.” His eldest son,
Frederick E. Maning, eventually went to Ho-
kianga, N.Z., where he obtained great influence
with the Maoris, passing his life in New Zealand.

J. McC. B.

Hobarts.

‘Gutiiver’s Travets’ (7 §, viii. 47).—This
note is one from Lord Orrery’s ‘Remarks on the
Life and Writings of Dr. Jonathan Swift,’ 1751.
Other extracts from this work are given in various
editions of Swift, from the first collective one,
edited by Hawkesworth and others, 1755-1779.

OC. F. 8. Warrey, M.A.

Longford, Coventry.

I have several copies of the first edition, and
have examined a good many, but never met with
one having either the plate of “The Oran-ootan ”
or the label by Lord Orrery. Both these are most
probably insertions. See 6” §. xi. 367, 431; xii.
198, 350, for bibliographical notices of the first
edition, none of which mentions the plate or the
label. W. E.

Crapte or tHe Tipe (7 §. vii. 408, 474;
viii. 51).—Dr. Brewer may rest assured that
the phrase “ the cradle of the tides” has no con-
nexion in any way with the Galf Stream. In
the work from which I quoted at the second refer-
ence the phrase occurs under the heading “ Tides,”
and the Gulf Stream is treated of—and doubtless
properly so—under ‘‘ Currents.” Will Dr. Brewer
pardon me for saying that I do not understand
what he means by “the hot undercurrent” of
which he speaks? The Gulf Stream forms no ex-
ception to the general rule, that hot water floats on
the top of cold water. (Of course I am not speak-
ing of comparative temperatures near the freezing

point.) I have crossed it where its current is
narrow and runs strongly, with its limits well
defined, viz, between the Bermuda Islands and
Savannah, Ga. By testing the temperature of the
surface-water of the sea it was easy to discover
when we entered the Gulf Stream.
J. F. Mansereon.
Liverpool.

I agree with Dr. Copnam Brewer that tides
and currents are distinct effects, arising from totally
different causes ; but I cannot allow his theory of
the origin of the tides to pass unchallenged. Gis
theory that “the tidal wave is due to the motion
of the moon in her orbit, which causes a vacuum
in her wake, and a corresponding condensation in
the van,” &c., is utterly untenable. If anything
be certain in physics, it is that the moon is re-
volving in a vacuum, or quasi-vacuum. All atmo-
spheric influences cease at some sixty miles above
the earth. The moon’s distance is about 240,000
miles. Dr. Brewer adds, “ to this, attraction may
also somewhat contribute.” Unless Isaac Newton,
La Place, Whewell, and our late Astronomer Royal
Airy are all grievously in error, the tides are
wholly due to the attraction of the moon and sun,
though in a problem of such exceeding complexity
these great men may have differed about its modus
operandi, J. Carrick Moors.

Any of the maps with co-tidal curves will show
that of Hour I., enclosing the Galapagos Isles, or a
space near them, and extending southward, perhaps,
to Juan Fernandez, or near it. That is the region
I have always understood to claim the above title.
The existence of any such primary starting-place
for each wave is merely due to that of a meridional
barrier from the Arctic ice to within one or two
thousand miles of the Antarctic. Were there two
or three such barriers, and nearly from ice to ice,
they would almost prevent all tides. Each enclosed
ocean would be nearly in the condition of the pre-
sent Mediterranean, and have but a very slight
tide-wave, generated in its easternmost bay, and
dying against its west recesses. The actual form
of the American barrier, the sole one, extending far
beyond half across the south temperate zone besides
the whole of the tropical and north temperate,
makes the easternmost Pacific practically a new
starting-place, each twelve hours, for a tide. Such
a “ cradle” must, in any case, be within the tropical
zone, or that out of which neither sun nor moon are
vertical ; for if the whole of that zone were land,
the polar oceans, however large, would have no
tides. The whole idea of a huge ‘‘ Antarctic
waste” is but a delusion born of Mercator maps,
that ought never to be seen but by navigators.
The entire Antarctic circle, we must remember,
like the Arctic, is but a seventh of its hemisphere,
and were it all water would hardly be an “ ocean,’
and in any case must receive all its tide from with-

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NOTES AND QUERIES.

out, as much as the Thames. To speak of the tidal
wave as “due to the motion of the moon ” is also
quite misleading. We might as well declare all the
effects of a common electrical machine “ due to the
motion of the rubber.” It is the earth’s rotation
under the moon (whether the latter move or not)
that creates the two daily tide-waves, and has to
supply all the force absorbed by their friction, and
is alone losing momentum thereby. There is no
loss in the lunar motion (or any orbital one), though
the moon is being slowly driven further off, and the
month lengthened. E. L, G.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &o.

Three Generations of Englishwomen. By Janet Ross.
2vols, (Murray.)
Ir Mr. Galton wants any further instances of certain
sorts of genius being hereditary, these memoirs will sup-
ply them. = show marked literary ability for three
generations at least; some ~~ will perhaps be in-
clined to extend it to four. Every one who ever enjoyed
Lady Duff Gordon’s ‘ Letters’ will heartily welcome this
account of her, her mother, and her grandmother, given
to the world by her daughter. Mrs. Ross has most
wisely let letters speak whenever she was able to do so,
and only herself added so much narrative as was needed
to help us to understand the events brought before us.
Perhaps the memoirs of Mre. Austin will prove most
attractive to the general public ; but we are inclined to
wish that, if possible, more letters to and from Mrs,
John Taylor had been given. They are especially inter-
esting, as showing the intense mental activity of a woman
who must have had scant time to devote to what it is the
fashion of these days to call “intellectual culture.”
Sound common sense, the capacity to extract all that
was worth remembering from whatever she read (she
was a great reader), and a decided gift as a conversa-
tionalist, seem to have been the more salient points in
Mrs. Taylor's character. She was a good letter-writer,
too, in a day when letters were expected to be worth
reading, and not the mere disjointed remarks that they
usually are now. Mackintosh wrote thus to her: “I
know the value of your letters. They rouse my mind on
subjects which interest us in common—friends, children,
literature, and life...... I ought to be made permanently
better by contemplating a mind like yours.” On p. 36
is given a characteristic letter from Mrs, Opie to Mra.
Austin. She had just read ‘Don Juan,’ and evidently
was delighted with it, She speaks of its “tenderness,
pathos, and poetry.” Quite true; but at the same time
we cannot help being surprised that the other side of the
picture did not strike a woman of Mra, Opie’s well-known
opinions. We suspect from her letter that had she never
heard of ‘ Don Juan’ and its author before reading it her
views would have been different. We have not space to
eo further quotations from these delightful volumes,
he parts of them dealing with Mrs. Austin and Lady
Duff Gordon contain letters from nearly every eminent
man of the age. There are several from Mr, Gladstone
never before published.

Great Writers.—Life of Schiller, By Henry W. Nevin-
son. (Scott.)

It is often said that Schiller is little read in England at

= resent time, the taste of the general reader being
or

oethe and the writers of his school rather than for

the great writer of tragedy and ballad. This series of
lives is meant above all for the ordinary reader—those
among us who have neither the time nor the inclination
to read long, and it may perhaps be dull, biographies,
but who yet wish to know somewhat of the surround-
ings of those whose writings they admire. If the pub-
lication of this ‘Life of Schiller’ tends to make his
writings more studied in this country, it will have
amply justified its existence. Mr. Nevinson has
worked very hard to make his hero beloved and under-
stood, but we do not think he has altogether suc-
ceeded in his object. The book will be read, and in a
measure appreciated, by those who already value the
great German ; but it is not calculated to attract those
who have little knowledge of him. ‘The Song of the
Bell’ is perhaps the best known of all Schiller’s works
outside his native country, At one time ‘ Maria Stuart ’
was considered only as a means by which a knowledge of
the German language might be introduced into the heads
of people far too young to be able to appreciate what
manner of man they were face to face with. It has been
said by a modern writer that the great interview between
the two queens was only to be compared to the quarrel-
ling of two fishwives, We are happy to say Mr.
Nevinson does not take this somewhat extraordinary
view cf the situation, We think that his account of
‘Maria Stuart’ is one of the best things in the book,
though, much as we love and admire the great tragedy,
we can scarcely endorse Mr. Nevinson’s statement when
he says, speaking of the historical characters, that they
“are not much distorted from the truth.”” They may be
as truthful as Schiller could make them with his know-
ledge and information, but they are in no sense historical,
and thoughtful Germans would be the last to claim it for
them.

Mr. Nevinson seems to have consulted the best autho-
rities in order to gain the information which he has very
skilfully worked up into the biographical part of the
book. Like nearly all of the other writers in this series, he
does not tell us where he obtained his information ; but,
as it is fairly correct, and as one cannot expect too much
from a book of this kind, we find no fault. Un the
whole this volume is up to the level of most of those that
we have seen in the “Great Writers”’ series, but it is
not one of the best.

Northern Notes and
Edited by Rev. A,
burgh, Douglas.)

We have received the parts constituting vol. iii. of our

interesting northern contemporary, together with the

initial part of the current volume, thus covering the year

June, 1888-1889, The subjects taken up are of a varied

character, principally in the fields of genealogy, beraldry,

and antiquities, such as ‘Sculptured Stones at Culross,’

‘The Scots in Poland,’ ‘ Dragon Legends,’ &c., together

with short notices of current literature, mainly as bear-

ing upon those topics. Some very useful features are
running through, such as ‘Scot's Transcript of the Perth

Registers’ and the so-called ‘ Runaway Registers’ at

Haddington ; while the latest parts give us the com-

mencement of what promises to be an interesting cor-

tribution to Scottish family history in the shape of a

‘History of the Ross Family,’ or, as it might more
lainly have been set forth, of the clan Ross, or Celtic

Roses of the Scottish earldom of Ross. With the Rosses

of Hawkhead before his eyes, the writer of this history

would have done well to have connoted his subject by
the title of his essay. As to the question whether Ross,
or rather, no doubt, in charter language, De Ross, was or
was not the surname of the earls of the original male
line, we should differ from the writer in holding that it

or, the Scottish Antiquary.
- Cornelius Hallen, M.A. (Edin-

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100 NOTES AND QUERIES.

(7 8. VIIL Avs. 3, "89,

was—just as much and just as little, that is—as De
Sutherland and De Mar were the surnames of the Earls
of Sutherland and Mar of the original Celtic lines. The
clan members took the name of the earldom, when sur-
names came into general use, because they were members
of the earl's race, not because the earldom in each case
went with a lass, We shall look forward with pleasure
to future numbers of Northern Notes and Queries.

Ryedale and North Yorkshire Antiquities. By George

k. (York, Sampson Brothers.)
Yorxsurre bas of late been prolific in books concerning
local antiquities, Mr. Frank has made use of the works
of his lecessors and the articles that have been pub-
lished in various archzological serials, and from his col-
lections has compiled a handbook which may be useful to
those who visit the places of which he treats. We have
not observed anything in his es that cannot be found
elsewhere, neither have we detected any of those won-
derful mistakes which are so often to be come upon in
our minor topographical literature. The volume con-
tains several engravings, which are of various degrees of
merit, There is one of an object we know well—the
monolith near Rudstone Church—which is strangely out
of proportion. It is certainly a lofty stone. Mr, Frank
says it is twenty-five feet high, but it looks in the en-
graving taller than the ridge of the chancel, which it
certainly is not. The volume bas not an index.

Is there any Resemblance bet Shakespeareand Bacon?
(Field & Tuer.)
Tuts anonymous little volume is by one who holds the
old-fashioned view that Shakspeare wrote the plays that
under his name. It is a good little book. The ideas
Co been well thought out, but it has been in some re-
spects carelessly written. We could point out many
verbal errors, some of which cannot well be charged
upon the printer. We doubt not that another edition
will be called for, When this comes to pass we trust
that the author will carefully revise what he has written.
We have no manner of doubt that his estimate of Bacon's
rsonal character is in the main just. We are glad of
t, for, apart from the Bacon-Shakspeare controversy,
there is a foolish kind of sentimentality abroad which
makes many people inclined to excuse all Bacon's faults
and weaknesses because he holds a high rank as an ex-
presser of thought, This is silly, and sometimes far
worse. The book is calculated to form a wholesome cor-
rective to this pernicious nonsense, It is not large, but it
is full of facts, and should not have been issued with-
out an index.

Bacon, Shakespeare, and the Rosicrucians. By W. F.C.
Wigston. ( edway.)

Tus is another book by a gentleman who thinks that
Bacon wrote Shakspeare’s plays and poems. According
to him, Bacon-Shakspeare were—or, as we ought to write,
was—a Rosicrucian, The volume before us is devoted
to an attempted demonstration of this proposition. We
have neither time nor space to argue the matter with
Mr. Wigston. If Mr. Donnelly’s “great cryptogram”’
should turn out to be a real discovery, we do not see why
Mr. Wigston’s should not be so too. We fully believe
that the two theories must stand or fall together.

THE Quarterly Review for July will gladden the hearts
of some of our contributors by the space which it devotes
to Virgil, at a verse from whose ‘ Aineid,’ we are told,
“ the sun goes back for us on the dial.” Quaint are the
medigval legends about the great Mantuan, some of
which bring the article to a close, where we leave Virgil
dead in that barrel from which he hoped to emerge in
the vigour of a magically renewed youth. ‘ Ancient

India’ carries us to distant climes, where once Gautama
preached and Asoka ruled. It were well if, on reading
this article, the masters of India would awake to the
duty, which they may yet fulfil, of rescuing from ruin
the wondrous remains which tell of Asoka’s faith, Asoka’s
might, and Asoka’s culture. The ‘ Diary of Gouverneur
Morris’ tells us graphically of the beginnings of that
great revolution concerning which, in another artic}
* 1789 and 1889,’ the question is discussed as to what, if
anything, that revolution has effected for the modern
world, which “all that was best and noblest in France”
hailed at its outset, but of which, the Quarterly decides,
“ France was the victim, not the author,”

In the Edinburgh Review for July three centres of
enthusiasm, each remarkable in its day and in its in-
fluence on history, find their record. ‘ Villari’s Life of
Savonarola’ brings before us the striking personality of
the great Dominican who for a time swept all before
the irresistible flow of his scathing denunciation of Pope
and Medici alike, and who dreamed of a purged Church
and a new republic. ‘The Land of Manfred’ recalls
vivid memories of Frederick, “ the wonder of the world,”
and of Peter de Vined, who held both the keys, per-
chance to his master’s ruin, perchance not. In ‘ Maria
Theresa, Empress,’ we are reminded of one who could
rouse Hungary as one man—“ Moriamur pro rege nostro
Maria Theresa.” Among other noticeable features, the
Duke of Coburg’s ‘ Memoirs,’ as reviewed in the present
number, bring us down to the days of the second French
empire and the marriage of our Princess Royal to
Frederick the Noble.

Potices to Correspondents.

We must call special attention to the following notices :

On all communications must be written the name and
address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but
as a guarantee of good faith.

We cannot undertake to answer queries privately.

To secure insertion of communications correspondents
must observe the following rule. Let each note, query,
or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the
signature of the writer and such address aa he wishes to
appear. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested
to head the second communication “ Duplicate.”

Prince ArntHur’s MARRIAGE KarTHaARINE oF
(7% 8, vii. 463).—Some interesting replies on
this subject are at the service of Mx. Fowxe. More than
one correspondent has, however, written to protest
against the discussion of the subject in ‘ N, & Q.’

A. H. (“Tipton Slasher ”).—This pugilist’s name was
Bill Perry. An account of his career will no doubt be
found in * Fistiana.’

A CORRESPONDENT wishes to know of some means of
tracing a family known to have belonged to Lismore,
co. Waterford. Prepaid letters shall be forwarded.

Q. (“St. Swithin”).—The foreign
Co" for St. Swithin have been fully discussed in

Vate (“ Pompeii”). —Not previously received,
a
NOTICE.

Editorial Communications should be addressed to “ The
Editor of ‘Notes and Queries’”—Advertisements and
Business Letters to “ The Publisher "—at the Office, 22,
Took’s Court, Cursitor Street, Chancery Lane, E.C.

We beg leave to state that we decline to return com-
munications which, for any reason, we do not print; and
to this rule we can make no exception,

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LONDON: 59, FLEET-STREET, E.C,

Printed by JOHN C, FRANCIS, Atheneum Press, Took’s-court, Cursitor-street ,Chancery-lane, E.C. ; ont said
730 HN 0. FRANCIS, at No. 29, Took’s-court, Oursitor-street, Ohancery-lane, B.C.—Saturday, A

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Full text of "Notes and Queries 1889-08-03: Vol 8 Iss 188"

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